College ROI

Smarter Choices, Brighter Futures
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Duke University

Durham, NC 6,417 Undergrads 96.3% Grad Rate
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Total Cost
$82,749
Sticker Price
Avg Net Price
$34,454
After Aid
Median Earnings
$97,800
10yr Post-Entry

Vs. Peer Institutions

Net Price$34,454
Peer Midpoint: $19,729.5
Earnings (10yr)$97,800
Peer Midpoint: $53,747
Graduation Rate96.3%
Peer Midpoint: 58.5%
Socio-Economic Diversity
Pell Grant Recipients12.5%
Enrollment Status
Full-Time99.6%
Economic Outcomes
Earn More than HS91.2%

Admissions Profile

Acceptance
6.8%
SAT Avg
1,539
SAT Reading
25th: 74074575th: 770
SAT Math
25th: 77076875th: 800
ACT Composite
25th: 343475th: 35

ROI Sensitivity Analysis

This analysis tests three cost scenarios (Scholarship, Average Net Price, Full Sticker Price) to show how college costs impact your long-term return compared to the average student and a high school graduate.

Lifetime Value Added (NPV)

Institution Lifetime NPV
Vs Median Peer
Vs HS Grad
Zero Cost (Scholarship)$0
+$797k
+$401k
+$313k
Median Cost$34k/yr
+$673k
+$277k
+$189k
Full Cost$83k/yr
+$499k
+$103k
+$15k

ROI Efficiency Metrics

Break-Even Age
Return on Inv. %
Zero Cost (Scholarship)$0
26
Median Cost$34k/yr
34
152%
Full Cost$83k/yr
59
5%
Analysis Assumptions:
  • Starting Salary: Estimated from the 10-year median earnings (assuming 2% annual growth from graduation).
  • Comparisons: "Vs Median Peer" compares to the median student nationwide in a similar level program. "Vs HS Grad" compares to a median high school graduate.
  • Break-Even: The age at which the college investment net income exceeds the median high school graduate's lifetime earnings.
  • NPV: Net Present Value of all future earnings minus costs and taxes, discounted at 7.8%.

Social Impact ROINew

Measures the societal return on a donor's investment. Calculated as the incremental pre-tax lifetime earnings vs. HS grad, divided by the tax-adjusted donation cost.

Donor Return100%

Gov. Pell Grant ROINew

Measures the government's return on Pell Grants via increased tax revenue. Calculated as the portion of incremental lifetime taxes (discounted at 5.4%) attributed to the Pell Grant investment.

Taxpayer Return-36%
Important Note: Your ROI with any major will depend on the cost you pay to attend the program, and your starting salary. Both vary significantly across institutions. We encourage you to explore the ROI of a specific program variant by selecting the Program title of the credential level you are interested in. You will then have a more detailed return analysis for programs at specific institutions. We also encourage you to use the ROI calculator with your specific estimates of cost and salary.

Program ROI Analysis

Bachelor's Degrees

Anthropology
BachCIP: 4502
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$62,485
Lifetime Value Added
-$63k
Area Studies
BachCIP: 0501
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$20,682
Lifetime Value Added
-$402k
Biology, General
BachCIP: 2601
Median Debt
$12,500
Earnings (5yr)
$70,605
Lifetime Value Added
-$513
Biomedical/Medical Engineering
BachCIP: 1405
Median Debt
$13,894
Earnings (5yr)
$115,268
Lifetime Value Added
+$333k
Cell/Cellular Biology and Anatomical Sciences
BachCIP: 2604
Median Debt
$12,000
Earnings (5yr)
$86,703
Lifetime Value Added
+$120k
Chemistry
BachCIP: 4005
Median Debt
$8,207
Earnings (2yr)
$27,216
Lifetime Value Added
-$341k
Computer Engineering
BachCIP: 1409
Median Debt
$14,500
Earnings (5yr)
$174,619
Lifetime Value Added
+$771k
Computer Science
BachCIP: 1107
Median Debt
$13,500
Earnings (5yr)
$201,846
Lifetime Value Added
+$971k
Economics
BachCIP: 4506
Median Debt
$13,187
Earnings (5yr)
$171,986
Lifetime Value Added
+$752k
English Language and Literature, General
BachCIP: 2301
Median Debt
$15,362
Earnings (5yr)
$78,024
Lifetime Value Added
+$55k
History
BachCIP: 5401
Median Debt
$13,000
Earnings (5yr)
$85,818
Lifetime Value Added
+$113k
International and Comparative Education
BachCIP: 1307
Median Debt
$8,000
Earnings (5yr)
$66,024
Lifetime Value Added
-$35k
Linguistic, Comparative, and Related Language Studies and Services
BachCIP: 1601
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$94,560
Lifetime Value Added
+$179k
Mathematics
BachCIP: 2701
Median Debt
$9,500
Earnings (5yr)
$131,658
Lifetime Value Added
+$455k
Mechanical Engineering
BachCIP: 1419
Median Debt
$10,000
Earnings (5yr)
$125,085
Lifetime Value Added
+$406k
Natural Resources Conservation and Research
BachCIP: 0301
Median Debt
$11,875
Earnings (5yr)
$78,003
Lifetime Value Added
+$55k
Neurobiology and Neurosciences
BachCIP: 2615
Median Debt
$12,645
Earnings (5yr)
$73,810
Lifetime Value Added
+$24k
Political Science and Government
BachCIP: 4510
Median Debt
$14,016
Earnings (5yr)
$101,627
Lifetime Value Added
+$232k
Psychology, General
BachCIP: 4201
Median Debt
$15,415
Earnings (5yr)
$72,515
Lifetime Value Added
+$14k
Public Health
BachCIP: 5122
Median Debt
$12,500
Earnings (2yr)
$37,208
Lifetime Value Added
-$251k
Public Policy Analysis
BachCIP: 4405
Median Debt
$10,500
Earnings (5yr)
$113,034
Lifetime Value Added
+$317k
Registered Nursing, Nursing Administration, Nursing Research and Clinical Nursing
BachCIP: 5138
Median Debt
$18,750
Earnings (5yr)
$82,377
Lifetime Value Added
+$88k
Romance Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics
BachCIP: 1609
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$69,708
Lifetime Value Added
-$7k
Sociology
BachCIP: 4511
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$75,020
Lifetime Value Added
+$33k
Statistics
BachCIP: 2705
Median Debt
$13,500
Earnings (5yr)
$121,776
Lifetime Value Added
+$382k

Master's Degrees

Bioethics/Medical Ethics
MastCIP: 5132
Median Debt
$68,791
Earnings (5yr)
$99,951
Lifetime Value Added
+$376k
Biology, General
MastCIP: 2601
Median Debt
$65,507
Earnings (2yr)
$20,140
Lifetime Value Added
-$343k
Biomedical/Medical Engineering
MastCIP: 1405
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$104,942
Lifetime Value Added
+$418k
Business Administration, Management and Operations
MastCIP: 5202
Median Debt
$80,630
Earnings (5yr)
$217,198
Lifetime Value Added
+$1366k
Economics
MastCIP: 4506
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$140,750
Lifetime Value Added
+$723k
Engineering-Related Fields
MastCIP: 1515
Median Debt
$42,568
Earnings (5yr)
$150,672
Lifetime Value Added
+$807k
Entrepreneurial and Small Business Operations
MastCIP: 5207
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$162,879
Lifetime Value Added
+$911k
Fine and Studio Arts
MastCIP: 5007
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$40,485
Lifetime Value Added
-$131k
International Business
MastCIP: 5211
Median Debt
$117,357
Earnings (5yr)
$346,263
Lifetime Value Added
+$2370k
Legal Research and Advanced Professional Studies
MastCIP: 2202
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$193,055
Lifetime Value Added
+$1166k
Liberal Arts and Sciences, General Studies and Humanities
MastCIP: 2401
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$80,039
Lifetime Value Added
+$205k
Natural Resources Conservation and Research
MastCIP: 0301
Median Debt
$48,310
Earnings (5yr)
$91,491
Lifetime Value Added
+$303k
Natural Resources Management and Policy
MastCIP: 0302
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$84,677
Lifetime Value Added
+$244k
Physics
MastCIP: 4008
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$53,984
Lifetime Value Added
+$5k
Public Health
MastCIP: 5122
Median Debt
$86,775
Earnings (5yr)
$70,145
Lifetime Value Added
+$119k
Public Policy Analysis
MastCIP: 4405
Median Debt
$66,331
Earnings (5yr)
$109,232
Lifetime Value Added
+$455k
Registered Nursing, Nursing Administration, Nursing Research and Clinical Nursing
MastCIP: 5138
Median Debt
$89,495
Earnings (5yr)
$119,197
Lifetime Value Added
+$540k
Religion/Religious Studies
MastCIP: 3802
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$48,244
Lifetime Value Added
-$80k
Theological and Ministerial Studies
MastCIP: 3906
Median Debt
$53,550
Earnings (5yr)
$63,947
Lifetime Value Added
+$65k

Graduate Certificates

Health and Medical Administrative Services
Gr-CertCIP: 5107
Median Debt
$98,014
Earnings (5yr)
$222,658
Lifetime Value Added
+$1609k
Teacher Education and Professional Development, Specific Levels and Methods
Gr-CertCIP: 1312
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$73,756
Lifetime Value Added
+$243k

Doctoral Degrees

Biomedical/Medical Engineering
DocCIP: 1405
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$150,887
Lifetime Value Added
+$540k
Genetics
DocCIP: 2608
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$137,010
Lifetime Value Added
+$440k
Law
DocCIP: 2201
Median Debt
$158,000
Earnings (5yr)
$263,874
Lifetime Value Added
+$1326k
Medicine
DocCIP: 5112
Median Debt
$142,262
Earnings (5yr)
$104,119
Lifetime Value Added
+$202k
Psychology, General
DocCIP: 4201
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$115,994
Lifetime Value Added
+$288k
Registered Nursing, Nursing Administration, Nursing Research and Clinical Nursing
DocCIP: 5138
Median Debt
$105,069
Earnings (5yr)
$149,527
Lifetime Value Added
+$530k
Rehabilitation and Therapeutic Professions
DocCIP: 5123
Median Debt
$161,694
Earnings (5yr)
$82,066
Lifetime Value Added
+$41k
Theological and Ministerial Studies
DocCIP: 3906
Median Debt
$25,583
Earnings (5yr)
$119,629
Lifetime Value Added
+$315k

Note: Lifetime Value Added is the Net Present Value (NPV) of estimated career earnings relative to a median high school graduate, accounting for this institution's average cost and taxes. Computed over a career to retirement age.

For graduate programs (Master's, Doctoral, etc.), the calculation assumes a starting age of 22 (after undergraduate completion) and does not include the sunk costs of prior degrees. It represents the value added of the graduate degree decision moving forward. These Lifetime Value Added results should not be compared with those Undergraduate Certificates, Associates or Bachelors starting at age 18.