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University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
Minneapolis, MN 30,469 Undergrads 83.0% Grad Rate
Total Cost
$29,013
Sticker Price
Avg Net Price
$17,139
After Aid
Median Earnings
$69,020
10yr Post-Entry
Vs. Peer Institutions
Net Price$17,139
Peer Midpoint: $19,729.5
Earnings (10yr)$69,020
Peer Midpoint: $53,747
Graduation Rate83.0%
Peer Midpoint: 58.5%
Socio-Economic Diversity
Pell Grant Recipients21.2%
Enrollment Status
Full-Time93.7%
Economic Outcomes
Earn More than HS83.6%
Admissions Profile
Acceptance
77.0%
SAT Avg
1,359
SAT Reading
25th: 64068575th: 720
SAT Math
25th: 67071575th: 760
ACT Composite
25th: 273075th: 31
ROI Sensitivity Analysis
This analysis tests three cost scenarios (Scholarship, Average Net Price, Full Sticker Price) to show how college costs impact your long-term return compared to the average student and a high school graduate.
Lifetime Value Added (NPV)
Institution Lifetime NPV
Vs Median Peer
Vs HS Grad
Zero Cost (Scholarship)$0
+$586k
+$189k
+$101k
Median Cost$17k/yr
+$524k
+$128k
+$40k
Full Cost$29k/yr
+$481k
+$85k
-$3k
ROI Efficiency Metrics
Break-Even Age
Return on Inv. %
Zero Cost (Scholarship)$0
32
∞
Median Cost$17k/yr
45
64%
Full Cost$29k/yr
Never
-3%
Analysis Assumptions:
- Starting Salary: Estimated from the 10-year median earnings (assuming 2% annual growth from graduation).
- Comparisons: "Vs Median Peer" compares to the median student nationwide in a similar level program. "Vs HS Grad" compares to a median high school graduate.
- Break-Even: The age at which the college investment net income exceeds the median high school graduate's lifetime earnings.
- NPV: Net Present Value of all future earnings minus costs and taxes, discounted at 7.8%.
Social Impact ROINew
Measures the societal return on a donor's investment. Calculated as the incremental pre-tax lifetime earnings vs. HS grad, divided by the tax-adjusted donation cost.
Donor Return91%
Gov. Pell Grant ROINew
Measures the government's return on Pell Grants via increased tax revenue. Calculated as the portion of incremental lifetime taxes (discounted at 5.4%) attributed to the Pell Grant investment.
Taxpayer Return-28%
Important Note: Your ROI with any major will depend on the cost you pay to attend the program, and your starting salary. Both vary significantly across institutions. We encourage you to explore the ROI of a specific program variant by selecting the Program title of the credential level you are interested in. You will then have a more detailed return analysis for programs at specific institutions. We also encourage you to use the ROI calculator with your specific estimates of cost and salary.
Program ROI Analysis
Certificates
Business Administration, Management and Operations
CertCIP: 5202
Median Debt
$16,406
Earnings (5yr)
$73,466
Lifetime Value Added
+$300k
Human Resources Management and Services
CertCIP: 5210
Median Debt
$17,625
Earnings (5yr)
$69,166
Lifetime Value Added
+$259k
Teacher Education and Professional Development, Specific Subject Areas
CertCIP: 1313
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$53,047
Lifetime Value Added
+$98k
Teaching English or French as a Second or Foreign Language
CertCIP: 1314
Median Debt
$17,967
Earnings (5yr)
$45,807
Lifetime Value Added
+$22k
Bachelor's Degrees
Accounting and Related Services
BachCIP: 5203
Median Debt
$22,342
Earnings (5yr)
$92,931
Lifetime Value Added
+$229k
Aerospace, Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering
BachCIP: 1402
Median Debt
$23,083
Earnings (5yr)
$81,624
Lifetime Value Added
+$144k
Agricultural Business and Management
BachCIP: 0101
Median Debt
$20,290
Earnings (5yr)
$81,821
Lifetime Value Added
+$146k
Agricultural Engineering
BachCIP: 1403
Median Debt
$23,742
Earnings (5yr)
$86,218
Lifetime Value Added
+$179k
Animal Sciences
BachCIP: 0109
Median Debt
$19,000
Earnings (5yr)
$59,386
Lifetime Value Added
-$25k
Anthropology
BachCIP: 4502
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (5yr)
$49,123
Lifetime Value Added
-$108k
Apparel and Textiles
BachCIP: 1909
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$31,133
Lifetime Value Added
-$243k
Architecture
BachCIP: 0402
Median Debt
$20,412
Earnings (5yr)
$66,347
Lifetime Value Added
+$30k
Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology
BachCIP: 2602
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (5yr)
$68,953
Lifetime Value Added
+$49k
Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Other
BachCIP: 2699
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$77,314
Lifetime Value Added
+$112k
Biology, General
BachCIP: 2601
Median Debt
$19,882
Earnings (5yr)
$70,348
Lifetime Value Added
+$60k
Biomedical/Medical Engineering
BachCIP: 1405
Median Debt
$21,300
Earnings (5yr)
$93,996
Lifetime Value Added
+$237k
Building/Construction Finishing, Management, and Inspection
BachCIP: 4604
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$107,108
Lifetime Value Added
+$335k
Business Administration, Management and Operations
BachCIP: 5202
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (5yr)
$83,859
Lifetime Value Added
+$161k
Cell/Cellular Biology and Anatomical Sciences
BachCIP: 2604
Median Debt
$22,527
Earnings (5yr)
$70,722
Lifetime Value Added
+$63k
Chemical Engineering
BachCIP: 1407
Median Debt
$23,418
Earnings (5yr)
$101,125
Lifetime Value Added
+$290k
Chemistry
BachCIP: 4005
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (5yr)
$70,655
Lifetime Value Added
+$62k
Civil Engineering
BachCIP: 1408
Median Debt
$18,273
Earnings (5yr)
$82,596
Lifetime Value Added
+$152k
Communication Disorders Sciences and Services
BachCIP: 5102
Median Debt
$16,266
Earnings (5yr)
$57,519
Lifetime Value Added
-$40k
Communication, Journalism, and Related Programs, Other
BachCIP: 0999
Median Debt
$20,153
Earnings (2yr)
$43,798
Lifetime Value Added
-$130k
Computer Engineering
BachCIP: 1409
Median Debt
$22,350
Earnings (5yr)
$101,456
Lifetime Value Added
+$293k
Computer Science
BachCIP: 1107
Median Debt
$18,577
Earnings (5yr)
$111,199
Lifetime Value Added
+$366k
Computer Systems Analysis
BachCIP: 1105
Median Debt
$20,041
Earnings (5yr)
$110,382
Lifetime Value Added
+$359k
Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications
BachCIP: 1109
Median Debt
$20,000
Earnings (5yr)
$103,056
Lifetime Value Added
+$305k
Construction Management
BachCIP: 5220
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (2yr)
$75,204
Lifetime Value Added
+$131k
Criminology
BachCIP: 4504
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (5yr)
$61,352
Lifetime Value Added
-$9k
Dance
BachCIP: 5003
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (2yr)
$20,140
Lifetime Value Added
-$344k
Dental Support Services and Allied Professions
BachCIP: 5106
Median Debt
$17,394
Earnings (5yr)
$70,265
Lifetime Value Added
+$59k
Design and Applied Arts
BachCIP: 5004
Median Debt
$22,500
Earnings (5yr)
$61,564
Lifetime Value Added
-$7k
Drama/Theatre Arts and Stagecraft
BachCIP: 5005
Median Debt
$19,778
Earnings (5yr)
$33,470
Lifetime Value Added
-$240k
East Asian Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics
BachCIP: 1603
Median Debt
$16,917
Earnings (5yr)
$40,521
Lifetime Value Added
-$180k
Ecology, Evolution, Systematics, and Population Biology
BachCIP: 2613
Median Debt
$22,287
Earnings (5yr)
$54,829
Lifetime Value Added
-$61k
Economics
BachCIP: 4506
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (5yr)
$83,564
Lifetime Value Added
+$159k
Education, Other
BachCIP: 1399
Median Debt
$17,021
Earnings (5yr)
$70,349
Lifetime Value Added
+$60k
Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering
BachCIP: 1410
Median Debt
$14,299
Earnings (5yr)
$96,638
Lifetime Value Added
+$257k
English Language and Literature, General
BachCIP: 2301
Median Debt
$18,746
Earnings (5yr)
$48,382
Lifetime Value Added
-$114k
Environmental Design
BachCIP: 0404
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$61,629
Lifetime Value Added
-$7k
Ethnic, Cultural Minority, Gender, and Group Studies
BachCIP: 0502
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (5yr)
$48,333
Lifetime Value Added
-$114k
Family and Consumer Economics and Related Studies
BachCIP: 1904
Median Debt
$17,851
Earnings (5yr)
$53,715
Lifetime Value Added
-$70k
Film/Video and Photographic Arts
BachCIP: 5006
Median Debt
$19,185
Earnings (5yr)
$44,896
Lifetime Value Added
-$143k
Finance and Financial Management Services
BachCIP: 5208
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (5yr)
$102,887
Lifetime Value Added
+$304k
Fine and Studio Arts
BachCIP: 5007
Median Debt
$19,349
Earnings (5yr)
$42,480
Lifetime Value Added
-$163k
Fishing and Fisheries Sciences and Management
BachCIP: 0303
Median Debt
$23,250
Earnings (5yr)
$36,835
Lifetime Value Added
-$211k
Food Science and Technology
BachCIP: 0110
Median Debt
$19,887
Earnings (5yr)
$70,228
Lifetime Value Added
+$59k
Forestry
BachCIP: 0305
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (5yr)
$63,496
Lifetime Value Added
+$8k
Funeral Service and Mortuary Science
BachCIP: 1203
Median Debt
$15,540
Earnings (5yr)
$69,720
Lifetime Value Added
+$55k
General Sales, Merchandising and Related Marketing Operations
BachCIP: 5218
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (5yr)
$76,798
Lifetime Value Added
+$108k
Geography and Cartography
BachCIP: 4507
Median Debt
$19,750
Earnings (5yr)
$60,883
Lifetime Value Added
-$13k
Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences
BachCIP: 4006
Median Debt
$21,000
Earnings (5yr)
$60,625
Lifetime Value Added
-$15k
Health and Physical Education/Fitness
BachCIP: 3105
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (5yr)
$62,213
Lifetime Value Added
-$2k
Health Services/Allied Health/Health Sciences, General
BachCIP: 5100
Median Debt
$19,056
Earnings (5yr)
$69,555
Lifetime Value Added
+$54k
History
BachCIP: 5401
Median Debt
$19,000
Earnings (5yr)
$49,085
Lifetime Value Added
-$108k
Human Resources Management and Services
BachCIP: 5210
Median Debt
$16,942
Earnings (5yr)
$71,653
Lifetime Value Added
+$70k
Industrial Engineering
BachCIP: 1435
Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (5yr)
$93,671
Lifetime Value Added
+$235k
International Business
BachCIP: 5211
Median Debt
$19,600
Earnings (2yr)
$58,221
Lifetime Value Added
-$6k
International Relations and National Security Studies
BachCIP: 4509
Median Debt
$19,632
Earnings (5yr)
$55,760
Lifetime Value Added
-$54k
Journalism
BachCIP: 0904
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (5yr)
$67,369
Lifetime Value Added
+$37k
Linguistic, Comparative, and Related Language Studies and Services
BachCIP: 1601
Median Debt
$16,677
Earnings (5yr)
$55,450
Lifetime Value Added
-$56k
Marketing
BachCIP: 5214
Median Debt
$22,136
Earnings (5yr)
$90,462
Lifetime Value Added
+$211k
Materials Engineering
BachCIP: 1418
Median Debt
$21,018
Earnings (5yr)
$89,696
Lifetime Value Added
+$205k
Mathematics
BachCIP: 2701
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (5yr)
$81,554
Lifetime Value Added
+$144k
Mechanical Engineering
BachCIP: 1419
Median Debt
$17,132
Earnings (5yr)
$95,566
Lifetime Value Added
+$249k
Microbiological Sciences and Immunology
BachCIP: 2605
Median Debt
$23,685
Earnings (5yr)
$63,560
Lifetime Value Added
+$8k
Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies, Other
BachCIP: 3099
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (5yr)
$66,786
Lifetime Value Added
+$33k
Music
BachCIP: 5009
Median Debt
$18,500
Earnings (5yr)
$53,008
Lifetime Value Added
-$76k
Natural Resources Conservation and Research
BachCIP: 0301
Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (5yr)
$53,460
Lifetime Value Added
-$72k
Neurobiology and Neurosciences
BachCIP: 2615
Median Debt
$21,741
Earnings (5yr)
$70,275
Lifetime Value Added
+$59k
Nutrition Sciences
BachCIP: 3019
Median Debt
$20,000
Earnings (5yr)
$58,915
Lifetime Value Added
-$28k
Parks, Recreation and Leisure Studies
BachCIP: 3101
Median Debt
$14,050
Earnings (5yr)
$45,017
Lifetime Value Added
-$142k
Philosophy
BachCIP: 3801
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (5yr)
$66,564
Lifetime Value Added
+$31k
Physics
BachCIP: 4008
Median Debt
$23,930
Earnings (5yr)
$66,489
Lifetime Value Added
+$31k
Physiology, Pathology and Related Sciences
BachCIP: 2609
Median Debt
$20,400
Earnings (5yr)
$68,815
Lifetime Value Added
+$48k
Plant Sciences
BachCIP: 0111
Median Debt
$16,070
Earnings (5yr)
$45,549
Lifetime Value Added
-$138k
Political Science and Government
BachCIP: 4510
Median Debt
$18,500
Earnings (5yr)
$63,560
Lifetime Value Added
+$8k
Psychology, General
BachCIP: 4201
Median Debt
$19,012
Earnings (5yr)
$57,656
Lifetime Value Added
-$38k
Registered Nursing, Nursing Administration, Nursing Research and Clinical Nursing
BachCIP: 5138
Median Debt
$20,563
Earnings (5yr)
$84,707
Lifetime Value Added
+$167k
Research and Experimental Psychology
BachCIP: 4227
Median Debt
$19,428
Earnings (5yr)
$51,801
Lifetime Value Added
-$86k
Rhetoric and Composition/Writing Studies
BachCIP: 2313
Median Debt
$18,689
Earnings (5yr)
$57,881
Lifetime Value Added
-$37k
Romance Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics
BachCIP: 1609
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (5yr)
$57,630
Lifetime Value Added
-$39k
Sociology
BachCIP: 4511
Median Debt
$18,750
Earnings (5yr)
$52,443
Lifetime Value Added
-$81k
Statistics
BachCIP: 2705
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (5yr)
$83,050
Lifetime Value Added
+$155k
Teacher Education and Professional Development, Specific Levels and Methods
BachCIP: 1312
Median Debt
$19,497
Earnings (5yr)
$56,388
Lifetime Value Added
-$49k
Teacher Education and Professional Development, Specific Subject Areas
BachCIP: 1313
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$51,467
Lifetime Value Added
-$89k
Urban Studies/Affairs
BachCIP: 4512
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (5yr)
$55,775
Lifetime Value Added
-$54k
Master's Degrees
Business Administration, Management and Operations
MastCIP: 5202
Median Debt
$67,943
Earnings (5yr)
$152,698
Lifetime Value Added
+$856k
Civil Engineering
MastCIP: 1408
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$57,437
Lifetime Value Added
+$70k
Public Health
MastCIP: 5122
Median Debt
$45,315
Earnings (5yr)
$138,364
Lifetime Value Added
+$735k
Registered Nursing, Nursing Administration, Nursing Research and Clinical Nursing
MastCIP: 5138
Median Debt
$54,931
Earnings (5yr)
$80,855
Lifetime Value Added
+$243k
Social Work
MastCIP: 4407
Median Debt
$41,000
Earnings (5yr)
$71,686
Lifetime Value Added
+$165k
Special Education and Teaching
MastCIP: 1310
Median Debt
$38,750
Earnings (2yr)
$52,107
Lifetime Value Added
+$18k
Teacher Education and Professional Development, Specific Levels and Methods
MastCIP: 1312
Median Debt
$23,230
Earnings (5yr)
$60,465
Lifetime Value Added
+$66k
Professional Degrees
Dentistry
ProfCIP: 5104
Median Debt
$272,055
Earnings (5yr)
$166,279
Lifetime Value Added
+$713k
Law
ProfCIP: 2201
Median Debt
$98,423
Earnings (5yr)
$108,654
Lifetime Value Added
+$297k
Medicine
ProfCIP: 5112
Median Debt
$142,289
Earnings (5yr)
$205,382
Lifetime Value Added
+$993k
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Administration
ProfCIP: 5120
Median Debt
$148,500
Earnings (5yr)
$142,577
Lifetime Value Added
+$542k
Veterinary Medicine
ProfCIP: 0180
Median Debt
$182,110
Earnings (5yr)
$113,564
Lifetime Value Added
+$333k
Note: Lifetime Value Added is the Net Present Value (NPV) of estimated career earnings relative to a median high school graduate, accounting for this institution's average cost and taxes. Computed over a career to retirement age.
For graduate programs (Master's, Doctoral, etc.), the calculation assumes a starting age of 22 (after undergraduate completion) and does not include the sunk costs of prior degrees. It represents the value added of the graduate degree decision moving forward. These Lifetime Value Added results should not be compared with those Undergraduate Certificates, Associates or Bachelors starting at age 18.