College ROI

Smarter Choices, Brighter Futures
General

Electrical, Mechanical, and Precision Technologies and Production

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Data derived specifically from PUMS raw data for Electrical, Mechanical, and Precision Technologies and Production.

Entry Level Salary
$45,020
Median Salary
$83,000
Unemployment Rate
3.0%
Avg: 2.2%
Underemployment Rate
64.7%
Working non-college jobs

Earnings Trajectory

Lifetime: $3,320,000
Entry (Early)
$45,020
Median (Prime)
$83,000
High (Prime)
$80,232

ROI Sensitivity Analysis
Assuming 4 Years to Graduation

This analysis tests three "What-If" scenarios. While most students start at the Entry Level, calculating ROI using Median and High salaries helps illustrate the potential long-term payoff for top performers relative to the degree cost.

Lifetime Value Added (NPV)

Entry Level
Median
High
$0 Cost
-49k
+268k
+245k
$25k / yr
-139k
+178k
+155k
$50k / yr
-229k
+88k
+65k

Break-even Age

Entry Level
Median
High
$0 Cost
Never
27
27
$25k / yr
Never
33
34
$50k / yr
Never
42
45

Return on Investment %

Entry Level
Median
High
$0 Cost
0%
$25k / yr
-128%
163%
143%
$50k / yr
-106%
40%
30%
Sensitivity Analysis Methodology: These grids assume you begin your career earning the salary specified in the column header (Entry Level = conservative baseline, Median/High = potential upside).
Important Note: Your ROI with any major will depend on the cost you pay to attend the program, and your starting salary. Both vary significantly across institutions. We encourage you to explore the ROI of a specific program variant by selecting the Program title of the credential level you are interested in. You will then have a more detailed return analysis for programs at specific institutions. We also encourage you to use the ROI calculator, or for more sophisticated analysis, the Guided ROI Interview, with your specific estimates of cost and salary.

Education Impact

Advanced Degree Rate17%
Analysis: Most graduates enter the workforce directly with a Bachelor's degree.

Top Professions

Automotive service technicians and mechanics

5.2% of graduates map to this role
Growing
Entry Salary
$62,000
Median Salary (PUMS | BLS)
$59,779|$49,670
openings
70,000 /yr
Growth (10yr): +4.2%

Welding, soldering, and brazing workers

4.5% of graduates map to this role
Growing
Entry Salary
$45,000
Median Salary (PUMS | BLS)
$62,475|$50,560
openings
48,800 /yr
Growth (10yr): +1.3%

Aircraft mechanics and service technicians

4.0% of graduates map to this role
Growing
Entry Salary
$75,000
Median Salary (PUMS | BLS)
$80,232|$78,680
openings
11,300 /yr
Growth (10yr): +4%

Management occupations

3.9% of graduates map to this role
Growing
Entry Salary
$74,333
Median Salary (PUMS | BLS)
$107,602|$122,090
openings
1,147,900 /yr
Growth (10yr): +6.1%

Maintenance and repair workers, general

2.8% of graduates map to this role
Growing
Entry Salary
$36,444
Median Salary (PUMS | BLS)
$45,020|$48,620
openings
159,800 /yr
Growth (10yr): +3.8%

Software developers

2.6% of graduates map to this role
Growing
Entry Salary
$108,290
Median Salary (PUMS | BLS)
$166,600|$133,080
openings
115,200 /yr
Growth (10yr): +15.8%

First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers

2.5% of graduates map to this role
Stable
Entry Salary
$100,000
Median Salary (PUMS | BLS)
$100,000|$84,130
openings
24,800 /yr
Growth (10yr): N/A

Driver/sales workers and truck drivers

2.4% of graduates map to this role
Growing
Entry Salary
$162,000
Median Salary (PUMS | BLS)
$70,793|$49,550
openings
409,100 /yr
Growth (10yr): +5.5%

Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers

2.1% of graduates map to this role
Stable
Entry Salary
$35,867
Median Salary (PUMS | BLS)
$47,195|$47,460
openings
69,900 /yr
Growth (10yr): N/A

Customer service representatives

1.9% of graduates map to this role
Stable
Entry Salary
$29,497
Median Salary (PUMS | BLS)
$49,972|$42,830
openings
341,700 /yr
Growth (10yr): -5.5%

About this Data:

  • Entry: Median salary for graduates aged 27 and under (PUMS).
  • Median (PUMS | BLS): Comparison of this major's graduates vs. the national market average for the role.
  • Growth & Openings: 10-year national projections (2024–2034).

Program Variants & Earnings Ranges

Summary of specific program titles and credential levels mapped to this major, showing the range of earnings across different colleges.

Completers Only: Federal median earnings data strictly reflects outcomes for students who successfully graduated. Students who do not complete their degree typically earn significantly less and face higher risks of debt default.

Program TitleCredential Level# CollegesMedian Earnings Range
heating, air conditioning, ventilation and refrigeration maintenance technology/technician (hac, hacr, hvac, hvacr).Undergrad Certificate525$23,602 - $83,230
heating, air conditioning, ventilation and refrigeration maintenance technology/technician (hac, hacr, hvac, hvacr).Associate's Degree204$32,045 - $87,786
heating, air conditioning, ventilation and refrigeration maintenance technology/technician (hac, hacr, hvac, hvacr).Level 994Data N/A
mechanic and repair technologies/technicians, other.Undergrad Certificate24$25,738 - $70,291
mechanic and repair technologies/technicians, other.Associate's Degree31$43,129 - $72,046
mechanics and repairers, general.Undergrad Certificate3$38,032 - $38,032
mechanics and repairers, general.Associate's Degree12$49,531 - $66,300
precision metal working.Undergrad Certificate806$16,334 - $87,864
precision metal working.Associate's Degree403$30,912 - $86,941
precision metal working.Level 9918$57,251 - $66,407
precision production trades, general.Undergrad Certificate4Data N/A
precision production, other.Undergrad Certificate5$28,486 - $28,486
precision production, other.Associate's Degree10$43,984 - $43,984