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Teacher Education and Professional Development, Specific Subject Areas.
Doctoral Degree•88 Institutions
Completers Only: Federal median earnings data strictly reflects outcomes for students who successfully graduated. Students who do not complete their degree typically earn significantly less and face higher risks of debt default.
Annual Full Cost vs. Median Earnings
Each dot represents one program at an institution. Shows the spread of annual sticker price (or net price if sticker price is unavailable) vs earnings 4 years post-grad.
Field Median ($73,635)
P25-P75 Interval ($70,176 - $93,737)
HS Baseline ($35,872)
Breakeven Line (0% ROI)
Institution | State | Earnings | Avg Net Price | Median Debt | Lifetime Value Added |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
New York | NY | $108,383 Nat: $85,168 4yr Post-Grad | - /yr | $88,816 | +$157k |
College Station | TX | $106,486 Nat: $85,168 4yr Post-Grad | $21,315 /yr | - | +$66k |
Capella University ⚠️ Caution: This institution flagged for high risk factors (low completion/older demographics) that may artificially inflate its ROI. Minneapolis | MN | $103,882 Nat: $85,168 4yr Post-Grad | $17,956 /yr | $80,489 | +$59k |
Athens | GA | $97,555 Nat: $85,168 4yr Post-Grad | $13,936 /yr | $85,723 | +$26k |
University of Arkansas at Little Rock ⚠️ Caution: This institution flagged for high risk factors (low completion/older demographics) that may artificially inflate its ROI. Little Rock | AR | - Nat: $85,168 | $17,248 /yr | - | -$0 |
San Diego | CA | - Nat: $85,168 | $15,364 /yr | - | -$0 |
West Hartford | CT | - Nat: $85,168 | $30,282 /yr | - | -$0 |
Florida Institute of Technology ⚠️ Caution: This institution flagged for high risk factors (low completion/older demographics) that may artificially inflate its ROI. Melbourne | FL | - Nat: $85,168 | $35,639 /yr | - | -$0 |
Coral Gables | FL | - Nat: $85,168 | $37,244 /yr | - | -$0 |
River Forest | IL | - Nat: $85,168 | $18,436 /yr | - | -$0 |
Champaign | IL | - Nat: $85,168 | $14,355 /yr | - | -$0 |
Chicago | IL | - Nat: $85,168 | $18,425 /yr | - | -$0 |
Normal | IL | - Nat: $85,168 | $19,398 /yr | - | -$0 |
Judson University ⚠️ Caution: This institution flagged for high risk factors (low completion/older demographics) that may artificially inflate its ROI. Elgin | IL | - Nat: $85,168 | $18,558 /yr | - | -$0 |
National Louis University ⚠️ Caution: This institution flagged for high risk factors (low completion/older demographics) that may artificially inflate its ROI. Chicago | IL | - Nat: $85,168 | $12,641 /yr | - | -$0 |
Dekalb | IL | - Nat: $85,168 | $13,391 /yr | - | -$0 |
Carbondale | IL | - Nat: $85,168 | $13,297 /yr | - | -$0 |
Bloomington | IN | - Nat: $85,168 | $16,264 /yr | - | -$0 |
Waterloo | IA | - Nat: $85,168 | - /yr | - | -$0 |
Iowa City | IA | - Nat: $85,168 | $22,531 /yr | - | -$0 |
Sioux City | IA | - Nat: $85,168 | $31,320 /yr | - | -$0 |
Lawrence | KS | - Nat: $85,168 | $18,059 /yr | - | -$0 |
Baton Rouge | LA | - Nat: $85,168 | $19,151 /yr | - | -$0 |
Southern University and A & M College ⚠️ Caution: This institution flagged for high risk factors (low completion/older demographics) that may artificially inflate its ROI. Baton Rouge | LA | - Nat: $85,168 | $20,077 /yr | - | -$0 |
Lowell | MA | - Nat: $85,168 | $17,163 /yr | - | -$0 |
Boston | MA | - Nat: $85,168 | $25,265 /yr | - | -$0 |
Springfield College ⚠️ Caution: This institution flagged for high risk factors (low completion/older demographics) that may artificially inflate its ROI. Springfield | MA | - Nat: $85,168 | $30,587 /yr | - | -$0 |
North Dartmouth | MA | - Nat: $85,168 | $20,927 /yr | - | -$0 |
Ann Arbor | MI | - Nat: $85,168 | $13,138 /yr | - | -$0 |
East Lansing | MI | - Nat: $85,168 | $19,680 /yr | - | -$0 |
Rochester Hills | MI | - Nat: $85,168 | $9,120 /yr | - | -$0 |
Detroit | MI | - Nat: $85,168 | $12,766 /yr | - | -$0 |
Kalamazoo | MI | - Nat: $85,168 | $15,273 /yr | - | -$0 |
Minneapolis | MN | - Nat: $85,168 | $16,778 /yr | - | -$0 |
Mississippi State | MS | - Nat: $85,168 | $17,595 /yr | - | -$0 |
Hattiesburg | MS | - Nat: $85,168 | $21,708 /yr | - | -$0 |
Saint Charles | MO | - Nat: $85,168 | $19,638 /yr | - | -$0 |
Columbia | MO | - Nat: $85,168 | $20,268 /yr | - | -$0 |
Kansas City | MO | - Nat: $85,168 | $13,310 /yr | - | -$0 |
Durham | NH | - Nat: $85,168 | $23,805 /yr | - | -$0 |
New Brunswick | NJ | - Nat: $85,168 | $24,406 /yr | - | -$0 |
Albuquerque | NM | - Nat: $85,168 | $15,489 /yr | - | -$0 |
Annandale-On-Hudson | NY | - Nat: $85,168 | $34,649 /yr | - | -$0 |
New York | NY | - Nat: $85,168 | $2,984 /yr | - | -$0 |
Hempstead | NY | - Nat: $85,168 | $34,176 /yr | - | -$0 |
Rochester | NY | - Nat: $85,168 | $29,278 /yr | - | -$0 |
Queens | NY | - Nat: $85,168 | $29,999 /yr | - | -$0 |
Albany | NY | - Nat: $85,168 | $17,167 /yr | - | -$0 |
Buffalo | NY | - Nat: $85,168 | $20,995 /yr | - | -$0 |
Stony Brook | NY | - Nat: $85,168 | $18,784 /yr | - | -$0 |
Syracuse | NY | - Nat: $85,168 | $38,793 /yr | - | -$0 |
Greensboro | NC | - Nat: $85,168 | $10,965 /yr | - | -$0 |
Cleveland | OH | - Nat: $85,168 | $41,190 /yr | - | -$0 |
Cincinnati | OH | - Nat: $85,168 | $25,648 /yr | - | -$0 |
Columbus | OH | - Nat: $85,168 | $17,339 /yr | - | -$0 |
Athens | OH | - Nat: $85,168 | $21,637 /yr | - | -$0 |
Toledo | OH | - Nat: $85,168 | $17,249 /yr | - | -$0 |
Stillwater | OK | - Nat: $85,168 | $17,447 /yr | - | -$0 |
Norman | OK | - Nat: $85,168 | $15,300 /yr | - | -$0 |
Corvallis | OR | - Nat: $85,168 | $19,604 /yr | - | -$0 |
Philadelphia | PA | - Nat: $85,168 | $28,699 /yr | - | -$0 |
Philadelphia | PA | - Nat: $85,168 | $28,198 /yr | - | -$0 |
Chester | PA | - Nat: $85,168 | $25,759 /yr | - | -$0 |
Columbia | SC | - Nat: $85,168 | $22,811 /yr | - | -$0 |
Murfreesboro | TN | - Nat: $85,168 | $13,359 /yr | - | -$0 |
San Marcos | TX | - Nat: $85,168 | $16,805 /yr | - | -$0 |
Austin | TX | - Nat: $85,168 | $19,857 /yr | - | -$0 |
Fort Worth | TX | - Nat: $85,168 | $36,660 /yr | - | -$0 |
Lubbock | TX | - Nat: $85,168 | $19,070 /yr | - | -$0 |
Denton | TX | - Nat: $85,168 | $11,963 /yr | - | -$0 |
Regent University ⚠️ Caution: This institution flagged for high risk factors (low completion/older demographics) that may artificially inflate its ROI. Virginia Beach | VA | - Nat: $85,168 | $19,923 /yr | - | -$0 |
Norfolk | VA | - Nat: $85,168 | $14,638 /yr | - | -$0 |
Winchester | VA | - Nat: $85,168 | $30,298 /yr | - | -$0 |
Blacksburg | VA | - Nat: $85,168 | $24,953 /yr | - | -$0 |
Pullman | WA | - Nat: $85,168 | $14,971 /yr | - | -$0 |
Seattle | WA | - Nat: $85,168 | $14,091 /yr | - | -$0 |
Inter American University of Puerto Rico-San German ⚠️ Caution: This institution flagged for high risk factors (low completion/older demographics) that may artificially inflate its ROI. San German | PR | - Nat: $85,168 | $9,148 /yr | - | -$0 |
Baton Rouge | LA | - Nat: $85,168 | - /yr | - | -$0 |
Auburn | AL | $93,737 Nat: $85,168 4yr Post-Grad | $24,323 /yr | - | -$40k |
Raleigh | NC | $87,300 Nat: $85,168 4yr Post-Grad | $17,303 /yr | - | -$62k |
Atlanta | GA | $85,948 Nat: $85,168 4yr Post-Grad | $15,931 /yr | - | -$67k |
Gainesville | FL | $73,635 Nat: $85,168 2yr Post-Grad | $6,541 /yr | - | -$103k |
Denton | TX | $70,176 Nat: $85,168 2yr Post-Grad | $15,649 /yr | - | -$163k |
Tallahassee | FL | $70,860 Nat: $85,168 4yr Post-Grad | $11,297 /yr | - | -$163k |
Boston | MA | $71,957 Nat: $85,168 2yr Post-Grad | $24,402 /yr | - | -$180k |
Tucson | AZ | $55,755 Nat: $85,168 2yr Post-Grad | $16,674 /yr | - | -$281k |
University Park | PA | $61,516 Nat: $85,168 2yr Post-Grad | $32,875 /yr | - | -$292k |
Fort Lauderdale | FL | $55,151 Nat: $85,168 4yr Post-Grad | $30,371 /yr | - | -$353k |
Analysis Notes:
- Lifetime Value Added: Net Present Value (NPV) of estimated career earnings relative to a median bachelor's degree holder, accounting for this institution's average cost and taxes.
- Avg Net Price: The average price paid by students who receive federal financial aid (grants/loans).Note: For graduate programs, the institution's average undergraduate net price is used as a proxy for annual cost, which may differ from actual graduate tuition and net price.
Important Note: Your ROI with any major will depend on the cost you pay to attend the program, and your starting salary. Both vary significantly across institutions. We encourage you to explore the ROI of a specific program variant by selecting the Program title of the credential level you are interested in. You will then have a more detailed return analysis for programs at specific institutions. We also encourage you to use the ROI calculator, or for more sophisticated analysis, the Guided ROI Interview, with your specific estimates of cost and salary.