College ROI

Smarter Choices, Brighter Futures
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San Diego State University

San Diego, CA 35,377 Undergrads 81.8% Grad Rate
School Website|Financial Calculator
Share
Total Cost
$27,780
Sticker Price
Avg Net Price
$15,364
After Aid
Median Earnings
$68,268
4yr Post-Grad

Vs. Peer Institutions

Net Price$15,364
Peer Midpoint: $20,081
Earnings (4yr Post-Grad)Completers only after graduation
$68,268
Peer Midpoint: $60,428
Earnings (10yr Post-Enroll)All enrolled after enrollment
$64,909
Peer Midpoint: $53,763
Graduation Rate81.8%
Peer Midpoint: 58.9%
Average Starting Age22.6
Socio-Economic Diversity
Pell Grant Recipients31.9%
Enrollment Status
Full-Time90.8%
Economic Outcomes
Earn More than HS76.5%

Admissions Profile

Acceptance
36.2%
SAT Avg
-
SAT Reading
25th: --75th: -
SAT Math
25th: --75th: -
ACT Composite
25th: --75th: -

ROI Sensitivity Analysis
Assuming 4 Years to Graduation

This analysis tests three cost scenarios (Scholarship, Average Net Price, Full Sticker Price) to show how college costs impact your long-term return compared to the average student and a high school graduate.

Lifetime Value Added (NPV)

Institution Lifetime NPV
Vs Median Peer
Vs HS Grad
Zero Cost (Scholarship)$0
+$601k
+$134k
+$116k
Median Cost$15k/yr
+$545k
+$78k
+$61k
Full Cost$28k/yr
+$501k
+$34k
+$16k

ROI Efficiency Metrics

Break-Even Age
Return on Inv. %
Zero Cost (Scholarship)$0
31
∞
Median Cost$15k/yr
40
110%
Full Cost$28k/yr
54
16%
Analysis Assumptions:
  • Starting Salary: Estimated from the 4-year post-graduation median earnings (assuming 2% annual growth from graduation).
  • Comparisons: "Vs Median Peer" compares to the median student nationwide in a similar level program. "Vs HS Grad" compares to a median high school graduate.
  • Break-Even: The age at which the college investment net income exceeds the median high school graduate's lifetime earnings.
  • NPV: Net Present Value of all future earnings minus costs and taxes, discounted at 7.8%.

Social Impact ROINew

Measures the societal return on a donor's investment. Calculated as the incremental pre-tax lifetime earnings vs. HS grad, divided by the tax-adjusted donation cost.

Donor Return127%

Gov. Pell Grant ROINew

Measures the government's return on Pell Grants via increased tax revenue. Calculated as the portion of incremental lifetime taxes (discounted at 5.4%) attributed to the Pell Grant investment.

Taxpayer Return-17%
Important Note: Your ROI with any major will depend on the cost you pay to attend the program, and your starting salary. Both vary significantly across institutions. We encourage you to explore the ROI of a specific program variant by selecting the Program title of the credential level you are interested in. You will then have a more detailed return analysis for programs at specific institutions. We also encourage you to use the ROI calculator, or for more sophisticated analysis, the Guided ROI Interview, with your specific estimates of cost and salary.

Program ROI Analysis

Certificates

Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $45,242
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $55,975
Lifetime Value Added
N/A

Bachelor's Degrees

Median Debt
$15,218
Earnings (4yr)
$80,011
Natl Median: $76,194
Lifetime Value Added
+$151k
Median Debt
$23,417
Earnings (4yr)
$100,139
Natl Median: $98,207
Lifetime Value Added
+$304k
Median Debt
$20,000
Earnings (4yr)
$53,621
Natl Median: $70,786
Lifetime Value Added
-$56k
Anthropology
BachCIP: 4502
Median Debt
$12,886
Earnings (4yr)
$53,991
Natl Median: $46,676
Lifetime Value Added
-$53k
Applied Mathematics
BachCIP: 2703
Median Debt
$23,793
Earnings (4yr)
$69,606
Natl Median: $91,532
Lifetime Value Added
+$71k
Area Studies
BachCIP: 0501
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $56,625
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $68,333
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Biology, General
BachCIP: 2601
Median Debt
$18,010
Earnings (4yr)
$68,861
Natl Median: $57,214
Lifetime Value Added
+$65k
Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (4yr)
$69,902
Natl Median: $68,257
Lifetime Value Added
+$73k
Chemistry
BachCIP: 4005
Median Debt
$17,999
Earnings (4yr)
$74,676
Natl Median: $65,120
Lifetime Value Added
+$110k
Civil Engineering
BachCIP: 1408
Median Debt
$19,832
Earnings (4yr)
$95,865
Natl Median: $86,517
Lifetime Value Added
+$272k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $49,429
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (4yr)
$61,389
Natl Median: $56,359
Lifetime Value Added
+$7k
Median Debt
$14,000
Earnings (4yr)
$61,510
Natl Median: $58,928
Lifetime Value Added
+$8k
Median Debt
$16,375
Earnings (4yr)
$86,613
Natl Median: $92,374
Lifetime Value Added
+$201k
Median Debt
$17,249
Earnings (4yr)
$116,842
Natl Median: $109,015
Lifetime Value Added
+$431k
Computer Science
BachCIP: 1107
Median Debt
$16,866
Earnings (4yr)
$100,586
Natl Median: $107,009
Lifetime Value Added
+$308k
Construction Engineering Technology/Technician
BachCIP: 1510
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$100,564
Natl Median: $93,843
Lifetime Value Added
+$308k
Median Debt
$13,499
Earnings (4yr)
$57,510
Natl Median: $55,378
Lifetime Value Added
-$24k
Dance
BachCIP: 5003
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $39,980
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$13,832
Earnings (4yr)
$54,569
Natl Median: $51,490
Lifetime Value Added
-$48k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$66,649
Natl Median: $55,753
Lifetime Value Added
+$48k
Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (4yr)
$41,812
Natl Median: $39,775
Lifetime Value Added
-$155k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $51,642
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Economics
BachCIP: 4506
Median Debt
$15,250
Earnings (4yr)
$74,123
Natl Median: $82,686
Lifetime Value Added
+$106k
Median Debt
$17,999
Earnings (4yr)
$106,416
Natl Median: $100,647
Lifetime Value Added
+$352k
Median Debt
$15,122
Earnings (4yr)
$49,406
Natl Median: $48,590
Lifetime Value Added
-$91k
Median Debt
$16,997
Earnings (4yr)
$88,417
Natl Median: $81,171
Lifetime Value Added
+$215k
Median Debt
$23,080
Earnings (4yr)
$55,230
Natl Median: $51,710
Lifetime Value Added
-$43k
Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (4yr)
$88,136
Natl Median: $83,343
Lifetime Value Added
+$213k
Median Debt
$10,299
Earnings (4yr)
$35,416
Natl Median: $41,367
Lifetime Value Added
-$211k
Median Debt
$14,999
Earnings (4yr)
$58,004
Natl Median: $57,853
Lifetime Value Added
-$20k
Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (4yr)
$73,647
Natl Median: $60,190
Lifetime Value Added
+$102k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $55,459
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Gerontology
BachCIP: 3011
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $54,051
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$26,150
Earnings (4yr)
$73,095
Natl Median: $61,296
Lifetime Value Added
+$98k
History
BachCIP: 5401
Median Debt
$13,881
Earnings (4yr)
$57,861
Natl Median: $50,680
Lifetime Value Added
-$21k
Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (4yr)
$70,113
Natl Median: $56,726
Lifetime Value Added
+$75k
Median Debt
$13,110
Earnings (4yr)
$69,141
Natl Median: $73,201
Lifetime Value Added
+$68k
Median Debt
$15,124
Earnings (4yr)
$59,733
Natl Median: $66,596
Lifetime Value Added
-$6k
Journalism
BachCIP: 0904
Median Debt
$14,998
Earnings (4yr)
$53,997
Natl Median: $56,278
Lifetime Value Added
-$53k
Median Debt
$12,838
Earnings (4yr)
$58,419
Natl Median: $53,072
Lifetime Value Added
-$17k
Median Debt
$11,000
Earnings (4yr)
$42,922
Natl Median: $49,984
Lifetime Value Added
-$146k
Marketing
BachCIP: 5214
Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (4yr)
$81,368
Natl Median: $69,303
Lifetime Value Added
+$161k
Mathematics
BachCIP: 2701
Median Debt
$8,772
Earnings (4yr)
$57,999
Natl Median: $69,562
Lifetime Value Added
-$20k
Median Debt
$19,499
Earnings (4yr)
$97,825
Natl Median: $92,135
Lifetime Value Added
+$287k
Median Debt
$15,500
Earnings (4yr)
$81,122
Natl Median: $62,582
Lifetime Value Added
+$159k
Median Debt
$15,225
Earnings (4yr)
$55,072
Natl Median: $55,693
Lifetime Value Added
-$44k
Music
BachCIP: 5009
Median Debt
$15,383
Earnings (4yr)
$42,090
Natl Median: $42,892
Lifetime Value Added
-$153k
Median Debt
$12,726
Earnings (4yr)
$58,215
Natl Median: $55,012
Lifetime Value Added
-$18k
Nutrition Sciences
BachCIP: 3019
Median Debt
$17,849
Earnings (4yr)
$55,115
Natl Median: $60,053
Lifetime Value Added
-$44k
Median Debt
$14,999
Earnings (4yr)
$57,093
Natl Median: $50,983
Lifetime Value Added
-$27k
Philosophy
BachCIP: 3801
Median Debt
$25,000
Earnings (4yr)
$53,390
Natl Median: $54,455
Lifetime Value Added
-$58k
Physics
BachCIP: 4008
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $76,786
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$17,364
Earnings (4yr)
$64,824
Natl Median: $63,293
Lifetime Value Added
+$34k
Psychology, General
BachCIP: 4201
Median Debt
$14,872
Earnings (4yr)
$51,021
Natl Median: $50,706
Lifetime Value Added
-$78k
Median Debt
$14,999
Earnings (4yr)
$57,264
Natl Median: $65,093
Lifetime Value Added
-$26k
Public Health
BachCIP: 5122
Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (4yr)
$60,904
Natl Median: $58,808
Lifetime Value Added
+$3k
Median Debt
$16,111
Earnings (4yr)
$67,414
Natl Median: $63,560
Lifetime Value Added
+$54k
Median Debt
$15,332
Earnings (4yr)
$43,485
Natl Median: $50,497
Lifetime Value Added
-$141k
Real Estate
BachCIP: 5215
Median Debt
$18,649
Earnings (4yr)
$50,662
Natl Median: $84,821
Lifetime Value Added
-$81k
Median Debt
$17,375
Earnings (4yr)
$120,799
Natl Median: $88,910
Lifetime Value Added
+$461k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $41,390
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $48,471
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$14,957
Earnings (4yr)
$49,167
Natl Median: $55,000
Lifetime Value Added
-$93k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $62,169
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$20,081
Earnings (4yr)
$52,095
Natl Median: $53,366
Lifetime Value Added
-$69k
Social Work
BachCIP: 4407
Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (4yr)
$56,674
Natl Median: $51,790
Lifetime Value Added
-$31k
Sociology
BachCIP: 4511
Median Debt
$12,500
Earnings (4yr)
$53,387
Natl Median: $52,657
Lifetime Value Added
-$58k
Sports, Kinesiology, and Physical Education/Fitness
BachCIP: 3105
Median Debt
$15,285
Earnings (4yr)
$59,914
Natl Median: $54,562
Lifetime Value Added
-$5k
Statistics
BachCIP: 2705
Median Debt
$13,125
Earnings (4yr)
$83,076
Natl Median: $92,425
Lifetime Value Added
+$174k
Median Debt
$12,691
Earnings (4yr)
$48,471
Natl Median: $47,382
Lifetime Value Added
-$99k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $62,532
Lifetime Value Added
N/A

Master's Degrees

Median Debt
$20,000
Earnings (4yr)
$103,392
Natl Median: $95,833
Lifetime Value Added
+$242k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $122,434
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Anthropology
MastCIP: 4502
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $61,276
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Applied Mathematics
MastCIP: 2703
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $116,060
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $76,398
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$63,005
Natl Median: $71,241
Lifetime Value Added
-$90k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $80,271
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $110,121
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $106,375
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$55,840
Earnings (4yr)
$120,682
Natl Median: $103,485
Lifetime Value Added
+$392k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $96,656
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Chemistry
MastCIP: 4005
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $82,937
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $79,665
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Civil Engineering
MastCIP: 1408
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $98,323
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$76,460
Natl Median: $65,184
Lifetime Value Added
+$33k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$84,280
Natl Median: $71,953
Lifetime Value Added
+$74k
Median Debt
$38,020
Earnings (4yr)
$87,991
Natl Median: $67,030
Lifetime Value Added
+$107k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$76,460
Natl Median: $124,201
Lifetime Value Added
+$33k
Computer Science
MastCIP: 1107
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $145,571
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Criminology
MastCIP: 4504
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$67,163
Natl Median: $67,647
Lifetime Value Added
-$76k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $62,269
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$67,588
Natl Median: $49,978
Lifetime Value Added
-$72k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $82,527
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Economics
MastCIP: 4506
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $100,743
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$24,662
Earnings (4yr)
$82,905
Natl Median: $71,685
Lifetime Value Added
+$62k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $70,644
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $133,654
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$48,158
Natl Median: $55,512
Lifetime Value Added
-$253k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $92,629
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $62,705
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $51,486
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$110,830
Natl Median: $110,694
Lifetime Value Added
+$307k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $49,079
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $79,784
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $79,463
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
History
MastCIP: 5401
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $55,360
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $74,856
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $97,121
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$29,455
Earnings (4yr)
$94,199
Natl Median: $95,627
Lifetime Value Added
+$161k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $65,716
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $58,093
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $122,873
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Marketing
MastCIP: 5214
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $79,106
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $138,309
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Mathematics
MastCIP: 2701
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $72,654
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $115,974
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $84,750
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $75,122
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Music
MastCIP: 5009
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $48,285
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Nutrition Sciences
MastCIP: 3019
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $67,126
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Philosophy
MastCIP: 3801
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $60,272
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Physics
MastCIP: 4008
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $96,478
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $78,850
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Psychology, General
MastCIP: 4201
Median Debt
$30,710
Earnings (4yr)
$111,549
Natl Median: $64,711
Lifetime Value Added
+$313k
Median Debt
$28,278
Earnings (4yr)
$91,303
Natl Median: $81,408
Lifetime Value Added
+$136k
Public Health
MastCIP: 5122
Median Debt
$38,020
Earnings (4yr)
$83,325
Natl Median: $82,751
Lifetime Value Added
+$66k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$165,564
Natl Median: $120,193
Lifetime Value Added
+$780k
Median Debt
$33,272
Earnings (4yr)
$70,426
Natl Median: $71,416
Lifetime Value Added
-$47k
Median Debt
$47,128
Earnings (4yr)
$73,113
Natl Median: $55,035
Lifetime Value Added
-$24k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $60,728
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Social Work
MastCIP: 4407
Median Debt
$22,395
Earnings (4yr)
$78,813
Natl Median: $65,123
Lifetime Value Added
+$26k
Sociology
MastCIP: 4511
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $63,330
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$84,034
Natl Median: $64,397
Lifetime Value Added
+$72k
Sports, Kinesiology, and Physical Education/Fitness
MastCIP: 3105
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $62,033
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Statistics
MastCIP: 2705
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $123,816
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$24,008
Earnings (4yr)
$74,187
Natl Median: $60,111
Lifetime Value Added
-$14k
Median Debt
$39,964
Earnings (4yr)
$61,680
Natl Median: $59,916
Lifetime Value Added
-$125k
Median Debt
$13,666
Earnings (4yr)
$82,189
Natl Median: $63,707
Lifetime Value Added
+$56k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $60,772
Lifetime Value Added
N/A

Graduate Certificates

Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $118,893
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $65,226
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $60,655
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $109,930
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $63,709
Lifetime Value Added
N/A

Doctoral Degrees

Biology, General
DocCIP: 2601
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $92,983
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $131,848
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Chemistry
DocCIP: 4005
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $115,386
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $99,878
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $88,343
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $97,173
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Education, General
DocCIP: 1301
Median Debt
$25,712
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $87,373
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$64,225
Earnings (4yr)
$158,013
Natl Median: $100,573
Lifetime Value Added
+$466k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $86,469
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Public Health
DocCIP: 5122
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $108,962
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$74,580
Earnings (4yr)
$87,179
Natl Median: $82,893
Lifetime Value Added
-$56k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $85,168
Lifetime Value Added
N/A

Other Programs

Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$68,996
Natl Median: $56,308
Lifetime Value Added
-$192k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $70,406
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $57,802
Lifetime Value Added
N/A

Note: Lifetime Value Added is the Net Present Value (NPV) of estimated career earnings relative to a median high school graduate (for undergraduate programs) or a median bachelor's degree holder (for graduate programs), accounting for this institution's average cost and taxes. Computed over a career to retirement age.

For graduate programs (Master's, Doctoral, etc.), the calculation assumes a starting age of 22 (after undergraduate completion) and does not include the sunk costs of prior degrees. It represents the value added of the graduate decision moving forward. Note that the institution's average undergraduate net price is used as a proxy for annual cost, which may differ from actual graduate tuition. These Lifetime Value Added results for graduate degrees should not be compared with those for Undergraduate Certificates, Associates or Bachelors.

Completers Only: Federal median earnings data strictly reflects outcomes for students who successfully graduated. Students who do not complete their degree typically earn significantly less and face higher risks of debt default.