College ROI

Smarter Choices, Brighter Futures
Back to Colleges

University of Massachusetts-Amherst

Amherst, MA 23,671 Undergrads 80.9% Grad Rate
School Website|Financial Calculator
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Total Cost
$36,842
Sticker Price
Avg Net Price
$22,857
After Aid
Median Earnings
$79,160
5yr Post-Grad

Vs. Peer Institutions

Net Price$22,857
Peer Midpoint: $19,969
Earnings (5yr Post-Grad)Completers only after graduation
$79,160
Peer Midpoint: $61,632
Earnings (10yr Post-Enroll)All enrolled after enrollment
$80,486
Peer Midpoint: $58,891
Graduation Rate80.9%
Peer Midpoint: 58.9%
Average starting age (2015-17)21.3
Socio-Economic Diversity
Pell Grant Recipients21.8%
Enrollment Status
Full-Time95.8%
Economic Outcomes
Earn More than HS83.8%

Admissions Profile

Acceptance
59.7%
SAT Avg
1,423
SAT Reading
25th: 65070075th: 730
SAT Math
25th: 66072075th: 770
ACT Composite
25th: 303275th: 33

ROI Sensitivity Analysis
Assuming 4 Years to Graduation

This analysis tests three cost scenarios (Scholarship, Average Net Price, Full Sticker Price) to show how college costs impact your long-term return compared to the average student and a high school graduate.

Lifetime Value Added (NPV)

Institution Lifetime NPV
Vs Median Peer
Vs HS Grad
Zero Cost (Scholarship)$0
+$676k
+$206k
+$190k
Median Cost$23k/yr
+$594k
+$124k
+$107k
Full Cost$37k/yr
+$544k
+$73k
+$57k

ROI Efficiency Metrics

Break-Even Age
Return on Inv. %
Zero Cost (Scholarship)$0
28
∞
Median Cost$23k/yr
36
131%
Full Cost$37k/yr
45
43%
Analysis Assumptions:
  • Starting Salary: Estimated from the median earnings five years after graduating, with four years of 2% raises taken out.
  • Comparisons: "Vs Median Peer" compares to the median student nationwide in a similar level program. "Vs HS Grad" compares to a median high school graduate.
  • Break-Even: The age at which the college investment net income exceeds the median high school graduate's lifetime earnings.
  • NPV: Net Present Value of all future earnings minus costs and taxes, discounted at 7.8%.

Social Impact ROINew

Measures the societal return on a donor's investment. Calculated as the incremental pre-tax lifetime earnings vs. HS grad, divided by the tax-adjusted donation cost.

Donor Return172%

Gov. Pell Grant ROINew

Measures the government's return on Pell Grants via increased tax revenue. Calculated as the portion of incremental lifetime taxes (discounted at 5.4%) attributed to the Pell Grant investment.

Taxpayer Return-10%

Program ROI Analysis

These figures are medians for past graduates who received federal aid. Your cost and pay will differ. Run your own numbers in the Guided ROI Interview →

Certificates

Median Debt
$25,250
Earnings (5yr)
$63,969
Natl Median: $31,502
Lifetime Value Added
+$205k
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Associate's Degrees

Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $42,438
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$57,093
Natl Median: $45,283
Lifetime Value Added
+$76k
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Bachelor's Degrees

Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (4yr)
$100,516
Natl Median: $76,194
Lifetime Value Added
+$282k
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Median Debt
$22,325
Earnings (4yr)
$42,520
Natl Median: $53,588
Lifetime Value Added
-$177k
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Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (4yr)
$57,461
Natl Median: $49,880
Lifetime Value Added
-$51k
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Animal Sciences
BachCIP: 0109
Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (4yr)
$59,543
Natl Median: $49,634
Lifetime Value Added
-$34k
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Anthropology
BachCIP: 4502
Median Debt
$23,250
Earnings (4yr)
$31,186
Natl Median: $46,676
Lifetime Value Added
-$275k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $58,494
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (4yr)
$93,156
Natl Median: $70,074
Lifetime Value Added
+$226k
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Area Studies
BachCIP: 0501
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $56,625
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $68,333
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$22,975
Earnings (4yr)
$77,853
Natl Median: $65,466
Lifetime Value Added
+$109k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $58,891
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Biology, General
BachCIP: 2601
Median Debt
$22,500
Earnings (4yr)
$72,726
Natl Median: $57,214
Lifetime Value Added
+$70k
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Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (4yr)
$92,623
Natl Median: $68,257
Lifetime Value Added
+$222k
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Median Debt
$23,391
Earnings (4yr)
$97,990
Natl Median: $98,158
Lifetime Value Added
+$263k
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Chemistry
BachCIP: 4005
Median Debt
$23,198
Earnings (4yr)
$78,373
Natl Median: $65,120
Lifetime Value Added
+$113k
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Civil Engineering
BachCIP: 1408
Median Debt
$23,389
Earnings (4yr)
$88,076
Natl Median: $86,517
Lifetime Value Added
+$187k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$21,508
Natl Median: $49,429
Lifetime Value Added
-$353k
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Median Debt
$19,725
Earnings (4yr)
$60,891
Natl Median: $56,359
Lifetime Value Added
-$23k
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Median Debt
$23,250
Earnings (4yr)
$63,620
Natl Median: $58,928
Lifetime Value Added
-$950
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Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (2yr)
$52,107
Natl Median: $83,041
Lifetime Value Added
-$78k
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Median Debt
$26,413
Earnings (4yr)
$113,083
Natl Median: $109,015
Lifetime Value Added
+$378k
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Computer Science
BachCIP: 1107
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (4yr)
$123,519
Natl Median: $107,009
Lifetime Value Added
+$457k
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Dance
BachCIP: 5003
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $39,980
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$21,218
Earnings (5yr)
$55,555
Natl Median: $39,775
Lifetime Value Added
-$76k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$58,164
Natl Median: $51,642
Lifetime Value Added
-$55k
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Economics
BachCIP: 4506
Median Debt
$21,000
Earnings (4yr)
$80,434
Natl Median: $82,686
Lifetime Value Added
+$129k
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Education, General
BachCIP: 1301
Median Debt
$25,375
Earnings (5yr)
$64,914
Natl Median: $49,808
Lifetime Value Added
-$780
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Median Debt
$24,741
Earnings (4yr)
$101,091
Natl Median: $100,647
Lifetime Value Added
+$287k
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Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (4yr)
$48,475
Natl Median: $48,590
Lifetime Value Added
-$126k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$52,773
Natl Median: $51,710
Lifetime Value Added
-$98k
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Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (4yr)
$96,995
Natl Median: $83,343
Lifetime Value Added
+$255k
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Median Debt
$26,222
Earnings (4yr)
$46,027
Natl Median: $41,367
Lifetime Value Added
-$147k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$77,771
Natl Median: $70,873
Lifetime Value Added
+$109k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $57,853
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$74,349
Natl Median: $60,190
Lifetime Value Added
+$71k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$90,036
Natl Median: $90,036
Lifetime Value Added
+$189k
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History
BachCIP: 5401
Median Debt
$19,000
Earnings (4yr)
$56,597
Natl Median: $50,680
Lifetime Value Added
-$58k
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Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (4yr)
$70,916
Natl Median: $56,726
Lifetime Value Added
+$56k
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Median Debt
$27,000
Earnings (4yr)
$97,791
Natl Median: $98,442
Lifetime Value Added
+$261k
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Journalism
BachCIP: 0904
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (4yr)
$52,011
Natl Median: $56,278
Lifetime Value Added
-$96k
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Median Debt
$25,500
Earnings (4yr)
$64,477
Natl Median: $66,387
Lifetime Value Added
+$6k
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Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (4yr)
$73,242
Natl Median: $53,072
Lifetime Value Added
+$74k
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Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (5yr)
$53,063
Natl Median: $49,984
Lifetime Value Added
-$96k
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Marketing
BachCIP: 5214
Median Debt
$19,500
Earnings (4yr)
$86,299
Natl Median: $69,303
Lifetime Value Added
+$174k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $118,943
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Mathematics
BachCIP: 2701
Median Debt
$20,651
Earnings (4yr)
$83,338
Natl Median: $69,562
Lifetime Value Added
+$151k
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Median Debt
$24,212
Earnings (4yr)
$96,999
Natl Median: $92,135
Lifetime Value Added
+$255k
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Median Debt
$22,390
Earnings (4yr)
$66,642
Natl Median: $62,582
Lifetime Value Added
+$23k
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Median Debt
$20,000
Earnings (4yr)
$63,383
Natl Median: $55,693
Lifetime Value Added
-$3k
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Music
BachCIP: 5009
Median Debt
$27,000
Earnings (2yr)
$33,993
Natl Median: $42,892
Lifetime Value Added
-$239k
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Median Debt
$21,437
Earnings (4yr)
$54,215
Natl Median: $55,012
Lifetime Value Added
-$78k
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Non-Professional Legal Studies
BachCIP: 2200
Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (4yr)
$69,269
Natl Median: $61,959
Lifetime Value Added
+$44k
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Nutrition Sciences
BachCIP: 3019
Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (4yr)
$63,019
Natl Median: $60,053
Lifetime Value Added
-$6k
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Philosophy
BachCIP: 3801
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$58,107
Natl Median: $54,455
Lifetime Value Added
-$55k
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Physics
BachCIP: 4008
Median Debt
$25,540
Earnings (4yr)
$72,596
Natl Median: $76,786
Lifetime Value Added
+$69k
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Median Debt
$23,500
Earnings (4yr)
$74,422
Natl Median: $62,172
Lifetime Value Added
+$83k
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Plant Sciences
BachCIP: 0111
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (4yr)
$51,912
Natl Median: $56,567
Lifetime Value Added
-$97k
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Median Debt
$21,693
Earnings (4yr)
$60,726
Natl Median: $63,293
Lifetime Value Added
-$24k
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Psychology, General
BachCIP: 4201
Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (4yr)
$51,274
Natl Median: $50,706
Lifetime Value Added
-$102k
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Public Health
BachCIP: 5122
Median Debt
$21,500
Earnings (4yr)
$63,854
Natl Median: $58,808
Lifetime Value Added
+$923
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Median Debt
$23,120
Earnings (4yr)
$90,309
Natl Median: $88,910
Lifetime Value Added
+$204k
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Median Debt
$21,000
Earnings (5yr)
$68,629
Natl Median: $55,000
Lifetime Value Added
+$28k
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Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (2yr)
$16,663
Natl Median: $56,812
Lifetime Value Added
-$398k
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Sociology
BachCIP: 4511
Median Debt
$21,382
Earnings (4yr)
$56,960
Natl Median: $52,657
Lifetime Value Added
-$55k
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Sports, Kinesiology, and Physical Education/Fitness
BachCIP: 3105
Median Debt
$21,146
Earnings (4yr)
$73,238
Natl Median: $54,562
Lifetime Value Added
+$74k
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Median Debt
$22,300
Earnings (4yr)
$59,298
Natl Median: $44,115
Lifetime Value Added
-$36k
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Post-Baccalaureate Certificates

Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$74,315
Natl Median: $63,623
Lifetime Value Added
+$44k
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Median Debt
$21,442
Earnings (5yr)
$62,182
Natl Median: $56,520
Lifetime Value Added
-$72k
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Master's Degrees

Median Debt
$21,824
Earnings (4yr)
$109,628
Natl Median: $95,833
Lifetime Value Added
+$283k
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Animal Sciences
MastCIP: 0109
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $75,394
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Applied Mathematics
MastCIP: 2703
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $116,060
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$27,844
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $77,466
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Architecture
MastCIP: 0402
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $74,139
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $67,090
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$35,690
Earnings (4yr)
$165,473
Natl Median: $103,485
Lifetime Value Added
+$766k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $76,837
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Chemistry
MastCIP: 4005
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $82,937
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$43,957
Natl Median: $79,665
Lifetime Value Added
-$292k
Try this program with your own numbers →
Civil Engineering
MastCIP: 1408
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$87,779
Natl Median: $98,323
Lifetime Value Added
+$92k
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Median Debt
$36,432
Earnings (5yr)
$71,810
Natl Median: $67,030
Lifetime Value Added
-$60k
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Computer Science
MastCIP: 1107
Median Debt
$26,022
Earnings (4yr)
$154,099
Natl Median: $145,571
Lifetime Value Added
+$668k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $49,978
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $62,871
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Economics
MastCIP: 4506
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $100,743
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Education, General
MastCIP: 1301
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (4yr)
$67,432
Natl Median: $65,824
Lifetime Value Added
-$87k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$140,240
Natl Median: $133,654
Lifetime Value Added
+$525k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $125,651
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $55,512
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $92,629
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$46,477
Natl Median: $49,079
Lifetime Value Added
-$285k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $88,332
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$17,762
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $79,784
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $79,463
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $49,357
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
History
MastCIP: 5401
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $55,360
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$98,155
Natl Median: $83,558
Lifetime Value Added
+$183k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $119,184
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $70,306
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$91,064
Natl Median: $124,807
Lifetime Value Added
+$121k
Try this program with your own numbers →
Marine Sciences
MastCIP: 3032
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $66,840
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Mathematics
MastCIP: 2701
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $72,654
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $115,974
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$100,729
Natl Median: $84,750
Lifetime Value Added
+$206k
Try this program with your own numbers →
Music
MastCIP: 5009
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$38,489
Natl Median: $48,285
Lifetime Value Added
-$364k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$74,899
Natl Median: $74,607
Lifetime Value Added
-$21k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $73,229
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Nutrition Sciences
MastCIP: 3019
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $67,126
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Physics
MastCIP: 4008
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $96,478
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $67,681
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Plant Sciences
MastCIP: 0111
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $70,814
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $78,850
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Public Health
MastCIP: 5122
Median Debt
$23,280
Earnings (4yr)
$84,978
Natl Median: $82,751
Lifetime Value Added
+$68k
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Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (4yr)
$82,435
Natl Median: $93,020
Lifetime Value Added
+$45k
Try this program with your own numbers →
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $120,193
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$51,558
Natl Median: $55,035
Lifetime Value Added
-$235k
Try this program with your own numbers →
Sports, Kinesiology, and Physical Education/Fitness
MastCIP: 3105
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $62,033
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$68,841
Natl Median: $76,897
Lifetime Value Added
-$74k
Try this program with your own numbers →
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $63,707
Lifetime Value Added
N/A

Graduate Certificates

Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $65,226
Lifetime Value Added
N/A

Doctoral Degrees

Animal Sciences
DocCIP: 0109
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $95,778
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Anthropology
DocCIP: 4502
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $77,473
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $92,233
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $82,507
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $113,566
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $99,578
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $141,187
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Chemistry
DocCIP: 4005
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$69,338
Natl Median: $115,386
Lifetime Value Added
-$195k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $92,533
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Civil Engineering
DocCIP: 1408
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $110,980
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $77,931
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $88,343
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Computer Science
DocCIP: 1107
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $178,476
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $97,173
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Economics
DocCIP: 4506
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $135,560
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Education, General
DocCIP: 1301
Median Debt
$38,535
Earnings (4yr)
$110,816
Natl Median: $87,373
Lifetime Value Added
+$93k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $157,305
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$84,033
Natl Median: $65,831
Lifetime Value Added
-$119k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $81,271
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $107,003
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $92,039
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
History
DocCIP: 5401
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $70,550
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $137,148
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $77,285
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Mathematics
DocCIP: 2701
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $89,656
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $131,070
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $101,435
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Music
DocCIP: 5009
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $59,592
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $87,076
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $96,176
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Philosophy
DocCIP: 3801
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $70,449
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Physics
DocCIP: 4008
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $130,153
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $93,640
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $90,908
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $130,514
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $98,707
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Public Health
DocCIP: 5122
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $108,962
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$64,000
Earnings (4yr)
$126,453
Natl Median: $138,131
Lifetime Value Added
+$208k
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Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $69,860
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Sociology
DocCIP: 4511
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $88,618
Lifetime Value Added
N/A

Note: Lifetime Value Added is the Net Present Value (NPV) of estimated career earnings relative to a median high school graduate (for undergraduate programs) or a median bachelor's degree holder (for graduate programs), accounting for this institution's average cost and taxes. Computed over a career to retirement age.

For graduate programs (Master's, Doctoral, etc.), the calculation assumes a starting age of 22 (after undergraduate completion) and does not include the sunk costs of prior degrees. It represents the value added of the graduate decision moving forward. Note that the institution's average undergraduate net price is used as a proxy for annual cost, which may differ from actual graduate tuition. These Lifetime Value Added results for graduate degrees should not be compared with those for Undergraduate Certificates, Associates or Bachelors.

Completers Only: Federal median earnings data strictly reflects outcomes for students who successfully graduated. Students who do not complete their degree typically earn significantly less and face higher risks of debt default.