Biology, General.

Doctoral Degree•170 Institutions

Completers Only: Federal median earnings data strictly reflects outcomes for students who successfully graduated. Students who do not complete their degree typically earn significantly less and face higher risks of debt default.

Annual Full Cost vs. Median Earnings

Each dot represents one program at an institution. Shows the spread of annual sticker price (or net price if sticker price is unavailable) vs earnings 4 years post-grad.

Field Median ($92,639)

P25-P75 Interval ($57,318 - $109,910)

Bachelor's Baseline ($56,938)

Breakeven Line (0% ROI)

These figures are medians for past graduates who received federal aid. Your cost and pay will differ. Run your own numbers in the Guided ROI Interview →

Institution	State	Earnings	Avg Net Price	Median Debt	Lifetime Value Added
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge	MA	$189,144 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$14,815 /yr	-	+$695k
Johns Hopkins University Baltimore	MD	$176,414 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$18,431 /yr	-	+$590k
Rutgers University-Newark Newark Earnings shared by 2 Rutgers University campuses, which report as one program.	NJ	$157,286 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$16,013 /yr	-	+$458k
Rutgers University-New Brunswick New Brunswick Earnings shared by 2 Rutgers University campuses, which report as one program.	NJ	$157,286 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$24,897 /yr	-	+$426k
University of California-San Diego La Jolla	CA	$129,900 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$14,794 /yr	-	+$262k
Purdue University-Main Campus West Lafayette	IN	$109,910 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$14,851 /yr	-	+$115k
Harvard University Cambridge	MA	$106,501 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$19,148 /yr	-	+$74k
Emory University Atlanta	GA	$105,042 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$16,754 /yr	-	+$72k
University of Notre Dame Notre Dame	IN	$101,099 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$25,339 /yr	-	+$12k
University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham	AL	- Nat: $92,983	$15,630 /yr	-	-$0
The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa	AL	- Nat: $92,983	$20,202 /yr	-	-$0
Tuskegee University Tuskegee	AL	- Nat: $92,983	$40,141 /yr	-	-$0
University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks	AK	- Nat: $92,983	$7,570 /yr	-	-$0
Arizona State University Campus Immersion Tempe	AZ	- Nat: $92,983	$14,694 /yr	-	-$0
Northern Arizona University Flagstaff	AZ	- Nat: $92,983	$17,265 /yr	-	-$0
University of Arkansas Fayetteville	AR	- Nat: $92,983	$17,571 /yr	-	-$0
California Institute of Technology Pasadena	CA	- Nat: $92,983	$8,509 /yr	-	-$0
University of California-Berkeley Berkeley	CA	- Nat: $92,983	$14,538 /yr	-	-$0
University of California-Los Angeles Los Angeles	CA	- Nat: $92,983	$14,659 /yr	-	-$0
University of California-Riverside Riverside	CA	- Nat: $92,983	$12,672 /yr	-	-$0
San Diego State University San Diego	CA	- Nat: $92,983	$13,243 /yr	-	-$0
University of Southern California Los Angeles	CA	- Nat: $92,983	$33,056 /yr	-	-$0
Colorado State University-Fort Collins Fort Collins	CO	- Nat: $92,983	$22,247 /yr	-	-$0
University of Denver Denver	CO	- Nat: $92,983	$31,961 /yr	-	-$0
University of Connecticut Storrs	CT	- Nat: $92,983	$24,342 /yr	-	-$0
Wesleyan University Middletown	CT	- Nat: $92,983	$23,014 /yr	-	-$0
University of Delaware Newark	DE	- Nat: $92,983	$16,337 /yr	-	-$0
The Catholic University of America Washington	DC	- Nat: $92,983	$32,543 /yr	-	-$0
George Washington University Washington	DC	- Nat: $92,983	$35,760 /yr	-	-$0
Georgetown University Washington	DC	- Nat: $92,983	$33,661 /yr	-	-$0
Howard University Washington	DC	- Nat: $92,983	$33,002 /yr	-	-$0
University of Central Florida Orlando	FL	- Nat: $92,983	$11,516 /yr	-	-$0
Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton	FL	- Nat: $92,983	$10,394 /yr	-	-$0
Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne	FL	- Nat: $92,983	$36,511 /yr	-	-$0
Florida International University Miami	FL	- Nat: $92,983	$11,462 /yr	-	-$0
Florida State University Tallahassee	FL	- Nat: $92,983	$8,605 /yr	-	-$0
University of Miami Coral Gables	FL	- Nat: $92,983	$36,483 /yr	-	-$0
University of South Florida Tampa	FL	- Nat: $92,983	$8,648 /yr	-	-$0
Clark Atlanta University Atlanta	GA	- Nat: $92,983	$38,626 /yr	-	-$0
Georgia Institute of Technology-Main Campus Atlanta	GA	- Nat: $92,983	$12,028 /yr	-	-$0
University of Georgia Athens	GA	- Nat: $92,983	$13,636 /yr	-	-$0
Morehouse School of Medicine Atlanta	GA	- Nat: $92,983	- /yr	-	-$0
Idaho State University Pocatello	ID	- Nat: $92,983	$8,910 /yr	-	-$0
University of Idaho Moscow	ID	- Nat: $92,983	$15,321 /yr	-	-$0
University of Illinois Chicago Chicago	IL	- Nat: $92,983	$9,540 /yr	-	-$0
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Champaign	IL	- Nat: $92,983	$13,042 /yr	-	-$0
Illinois State University Normal	IL	- Nat: $92,983	$17,829 /yr	-	-$0
Loyola University Chicago Chicago	IL	- Nat: $92,983	$36,340 /yr	-	-$0
Northern Illinois University Dekalb	IL	- Nat: $92,983	$14,505 /yr	-	-$0
Northwestern University Evanston	IL	- Nat: $92,983	$34,420 /yr	-	-$0
Indiana University-Indianapolis Indianapolis	IN	- Nat: $92,983	$9,479 /yr	-	-$0
Indiana State University Terre Haute	IN	- Nat: $92,983	$10,103 /yr	-	-$0
Iowa State University Ames	IA	- Nat: $92,983	$18,517 /yr	-	-$0
University of Iowa Iowa City	IA	- Nat: $92,983	$22,508 /yr	-	-$0
Kansas State University Manhattan	KS	- Nat: $92,983	$18,210 /yr	-	-$0
University of Kentucky Lexington	KY	- Nat: $92,983	$18,868 /yr	-	-$0
Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Baton Rouge	LA	- Nat: $92,983	$19,286 /yr	-	-$0
Tulane University of Louisiana New Orleans	LA	- Nat: $92,983	$40,693 /yr	-	-$0
University of Maine Orono	ME	- Nat: $92,983	$17,224 /yr	-	-$0
University of Maryland-Baltimore County Baltimore	MD	- Nat: $92,983	$25,203 /yr	-	-$0
University of Maryland-College Park College Park	MD	- Nat: $92,983	$14,296 /yr	-	-$0
Boston College Chestnut Hill	MA	- Nat: $92,983	$38,930 /yr	-	-$0
Boston University Boston	MA	- Nat: $92,983	$36,503 /yr	-	-$0
Clark University Worcester	MA	- Nat: $92,983	$29,446 /yr	-	-$0
University of Massachusetts-Boston Boston	MA	- Nat: $92,983	$22,548 /yr	-	-$0
Northeastern University Boston	MA	- Nat: $92,983	$29,060 /yr	-	-$0
Tufts University Medford	MA	- Nat: $92,983	$38,797 /yr	-	-$0
Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester	MA	- Nat: $92,983	$43,885 /yr	-	-$0
Michigan State University East Lansing	MI	- Nat: $92,983	$21,322 /yr	-	-$0
Michigan Technological University Houghton	MI	- Nat: $92,983	$13,446 /yr	-	-$0
Oakland University Rochester Hills	MI	- Nat: $92,983	$11,815 /yr	-	-$0
Wayne State University Detroit	MI	- Nat: $92,983	$11,212 /yr	-	-$0
Western Michigan University Kalamazoo	MI	- Nat: $92,983	$13,902 /yr	-	-$0
University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis	MN	- Nat: $92,983	$17,330 /yr	-	-$0
University of Mississippi University	MS	- Nat: $92,983	$13,752 /yr	-	-$0
Mississippi State University Mississippi State	MS	- Nat: $92,983	$18,781 /yr	-	-$0
University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg	MS	- Nat: $92,983	$21,172 /yr	-	-$0
University of Missouri-St Louis Saint Louis	MO	- Nat: $92,983	$14,990 /yr	-	-$0
Saint Louis University Saint Louis	MO	- Nat: $92,983	$29,674 /yr	-	-$0
Montana State University Bozeman	MT	- Nat: $92,983	$23,106 /yr	-	-$0
The University of Montana Missoula	MT	- Nat: $92,983	$21,302 /yr	-	-$0
Creighton University Omaha	NE	- Nat: $92,983	$32,456 /yr	-	-$0
University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln	NE	- Nat: $92,983	$16,214 /yr	-	-$0
University of Nevada-Las Vegas Las Vegas	NV	- Nat: $92,983	$11,062 /yr	-	-$0
Dartmouth College Hanover	NH	- Nat: $92,983	$26,707 /yr	-	-$0
University of New Hampshire-Main Campus Durham	NH	- Nat: $92,983	$26,150 /yr	-	-$0
University of New Mexico-Main Campus Albuquerque	NM	- Nat: $92,983	$19,966 /yr	-	-$0
New Mexico State University-Main Campus Las Cruces	NM	- Nat: $92,983	$6,313 /yr	-	-$0
Columbia University in the City of New York New York	NY	- Nat: $92,983	$15,370 /yr	-	-$0
Cornell University Ithaca	NY	- Nat: $92,983	$33,934 /yr	-	-$0
CUNY Graduate School and University Center New York	NY	- Nat: $92,983	$4,766 /yr	-	-$0
Fordham University Bronx	NY	- Nat: $92,983	$42,760 /yr	-	-$0
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York	NY	- Nat: $92,983	- /yr	-	-$0
New York University New York	NY	- Nat: $92,983	$35,737 /yr	-	-$0
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy	NY	- Nat: $92,983	$32,758 /yr	-	-$0
University of Rochester Rochester	NY	- Nat: $92,983	$34,347 /yr	-	-$0
University at Albany Albany	NY	- Nat: $92,983	$18,266 /yr	-	-$0
University at Buffalo Buffalo	NY	- Nat: $92,983	$21,775 /yr	-	-$0
Syracuse University Syracuse	NY	- Nat: $92,983	$43,336 /yr	-	-$0
Duke University Durham	NC	- Nat: $92,983	$23,706 /yr	-	-$0
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill	NC	- Nat: $92,983	$11,305 /yr	-	-$0
University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte	NC	- Nat: $92,983	$15,142 /yr	-	-$0
Wake Forest University Winston-Salem	NC	- Nat: $92,983	$28,165 /yr	-	-$0
University of North Dakota Grand Forks	ND	- Nat: $92,983	$18,131 /yr	-	-$0
University of Akron Main Campus Akron	OH	- Nat: $92,983	$13,072 /yr	-	-$0
Bowling Green State University-Main Campus Bowling Green	OH	- Nat: $92,983	$21,453 /yr	-	-$0
Case Western Reserve University Cleveland	OH	- Nat: $92,983	$44,622 /yr	-	-$0
University of Cincinnati-Main Campus Cincinnati	OH	- Nat: $92,983	$24,917 /yr	-	-$0
Cleveland State University Cleveland	OH	- Nat: $92,983	$13,754 /yr	-	-$0
University of Dayton Dayton	OH	- Nat: $92,983	$30,366 /yr	-	-$0
Miami University-Oxford Oxford	OH	- Nat: $92,983	$29,447 /yr	-	-$0
University of Toledo Toledo	OH	- Nat: $92,983	$16,406 /yr	-	-$0
Oklahoma State University-Main Campus Stillwater	OK	- Nat: $92,983	$17,058 /yr	-	-$0
Oregon State University Corvallis	OR	- Nat: $92,983	$21,504 /yr	-	-$0
Portland State University Portland	OR	- Nat: $92,983	$8,337 /yr	-	-$0
Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh	PA	- Nat: $92,983	$35,780 /yr	-	-$0
Drexel University Philadelphia	PA	- Nat: $92,983	$37,529 /yr	-	-$0
Duquesne University Pittsburgh	PA	- Nat: $92,983	$37,704 /yr	-	-$0
Pennsylvania State University-Main Campus University Park	PA	- Nat: $92,983	$33,675 /yr	-	-$0
University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia	PA	- Nat: $92,983	$29,577 /yr	-	-$0
University of Pittsburgh-Pittsburgh Campus Pittsburgh	PA	- Nat: $92,983	$29,362 /yr	-	-$0
Temple University Philadelphia	PA	- Nat: $92,983	$23,058 /yr	-	-$0
Clemson University Clemson	SC	- Nat: $92,983	$22,032 /yr	-	-$0
South Dakota State University Brookings	SD	- Nat: $92,983	$20,139 /yr	-	-$0
University of South Dakota Vermillion	SD	- Nat: $92,983	$20,028 /yr	-	-$0
East Tennessee State University Johnson City	TN	- Nat: $92,983	$14,208 /yr	-	-$0
University of Memphis Memphis	TN	- Nat: $92,983	$12,192 /yr	-	-$0
Tennessee State University Nashville	TN	- Nat: $92,983	$12,154 /yr	-	-$0
Vanderbilt University Nashville	TN	- Nat: $92,983	$15,497 /yr	-	-$0
Baylor University Waco	TX	- Nat: $92,983	$44,441 /yr	-	-$0
University of Houston Houston	TX	- Nat: $92,983	$11,439 /yr	-	-$0
University of North Texas Denton	TX	- Nat: $92,983	$15,358 /yr	-	-$0
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio	TX	- Nat: $92,983	- /yr	-	-$0
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston Galveston	TX	- Nat: $92,983	- /yr	-	-$0
Texas Tech University Lubbock	TX	- Nat: $92,983	$19,890 /yr	-	-$0
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston	TX	- Nat: $92,983	- /yr	-	-$0
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Lubbock	TX	- Nat: $92,983	- /yr	-	-$0
Utah State University Logan	UT	- Nat: $92,983	$12,644 /yr	-	-$0
University of Utah Salt Lake City	UT	- Nat: $92,983	$27,314 /yr	-	-$0
University of Vermont Burlington	VT	- Nat: $92,983	$20,277 /yr	-	-$0
Old Dominion University Norfolk	VA	- Nat: $92,983	$12,913 /yr	-	-$0
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg	VA	- Nat: $92,983	$25,808 /yr	-	-$0
Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond	VA	- Nat: $92,983	$25,037 /yr	-	-$0
University of Virginia-Main Campus Charlottesville	VA	- Nat: $92,983	$18,056 /yr	-	-$0
Washington State University Pullman	WA	- Nat: $92,983	$13,462 /yr	-	-$0
Marshall University Huntington	WV	- Nat: $92,983	$7,341 /yr	-	-$0
West Virginia University Morgantown	WV	- Nat: $92,983	$18,020 /yr	-	-$0
Marquette University Milwaukee	WI	- Nat: $92,983	$30,561 /yr	-	-$0
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee	WI	- Nat: $92,983	$15,625 /yr	-	-$0
University of Wyoming Laramie	WY	- Nat: $92,983	$13,647 /yr	-	-$0
Ponce Health Sciences University Ponce	PR	- Nat: $92,983	- /yr	-	-$0
University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras San Juan	PR	- Nat: $92,983	$11,860 /yr	-	-$0
Stanford University Stanford	CA	- Nat: $92,983	$12,307 /yr	-	-$0
University of Connecticut-Waterbury Campus Waterbury	CT	- Nat: $92,983	$8,616 /yr	-	-$0
University of Connecticut-Avery Point Groton	CT	- Nat: $92,983	$11,184 /yr	-	-$0
University of Connecticut-Stamford Stamford	CT	- Nat: $92,983	$14,226 /yr	-	-$0
Oregon State University-Cascades Campus Bend	OR	- Nat: $92,983	$17,853 /yr	-	-$0
University of Connecticut-Hartford Campus Hartford	CT	- Nat: $92,983	$13,961 /yr	-	-$0
University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia	MO	$91,572 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$21,142 /yr	-	-$44k
Auburn University Auburn	AL	$92,639 Nat: $92,983 5yr Post-Grad	$25,424 /yr	-	-$65k
Ohio State University-Main Campus Columbus	OH	$75,461 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$17,269 /yr	-	-$150k
Texas A&M University-College Station College Station	TX	$70,480 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	$21,527 /yr	-	-$203k
University of Louisville Louisville	KY	$57,318 Nat: $92,983 2yr Post-Grad	$14,960 /yr	-	-$263k
Georgia State University Atlanta	GA	$51,273 Nat: $92,983 2yr Post-Grad	$12,365 /yr	-	-$304k
University of Oregon Eugene	OR	$54,644 Nat: $92,983 2yr Post-Grad	$22,547 /yr	-	-$312k
University of Washington-Seattle Campus Seattle	WA	$50,439 Nat: $92,983 2yr Post-Grad	$13,663 /yr	-	-$316k
University of South Carolina-Columbia Columbia	SC	$48,823 Nat: $92,983 2yr Post-Grad	$22,197 /yr	-	-$361k
University of California-San Francisco San Francisco	CA	$96,962 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	- /yr	-	Cost not reported
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Worcester	MA	$150,264 Nat: $92,983 4yr Post-Grad	- /yr	-	Cost not reported
University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth	TX	$102,358 Nat: $92,983 5yr Post-Grad	- /yr	-	Cost not reported

Analysis Notes:

Lifetime Value Added: Net Present Value (NPV) of estimated career earnings relative to a median bachelor's degree holder, accounting for this institution's average cost and taxes.
Avg Net Price: The average price paid by students who receive federal financial aid (grants/loans).Note: For graduate programs, the institution's average undergraduate net price is used as a proxy for annual cost, which may differ from actual graduate tuition and net price.