College ROI

Smarter Choices, Brighter Futures
Back to Colleges

University of Houston

Houston, TX 38,380 Undergrads 64.8% Grad Rate
Share
Total Cost
$23,250
Sticker Price
Avg Net Price
$11,439
After Aid
Median Earnings
$70,059
5yr Post-Grad

Vs. Peer Institutions

Net Price$11,439
Peer Midpoint: $19,969
Earnings (5yr Post-Grad)Completers only after graduation
$70,059
Peer Midpoint: $61,632
Earnings (10yr Post-Enroll)All enrolled after enrollment
$68,423
Peer Midpoint: $58,891
Graduation Rate64.8%
Peer Midpoint: 58.9%
Average starting age (2015-17)22.6
Socio-Economic Diversity
Pell Grant Recipients44.8%
Enrollment Status
Full-Time76.7%
Economic Outcomes
Earn More than HS78.1%

Admissions Profile

Acceptance
73.9%
SAT Avg
1,250
SAT Reading
25th: 59063075th: 670
SAT Math
25th: 57062075th: 670
ACT Composite
25th: 232675th: 29

ROI Sensitivity Analysis
Assuming 4 Years to Graduation

This analysis tests three cost scenarios (Scholarship, Average Net Price, Full Sticker Price) to show how college costs impact your long-term return compared to the average student and a high school graduate.

Lifetime Value Added (NPV)

Institution Lifetime NPV
Vs Median Peer
Vs HS Grad
Zero Cost (Scholarship)$0
+$608k
+$138k
+$121k
Median Cost$11k/yr
+$567k
+$96k
+$80k
Full Cost$23k/yr
+$524k
+$54k
+$38k

ROI Efficiency Metrics

Break-Even Age
Return on Inv. %
Zero Cost (Scholarship)$0
31
∞
Median Cost$11k/yr
37
195%
Full Cost$23k/yr
46
45%
Analysis Assumptions:
  • Starting Salary: Estimated from the median earnings five years after graduating, with four years of 2% raises taken out.
  • Comparisons: "Vs Median Peer" compares to the median student nationwide in a similar level program. "Vs HS Grad" compares to a median high school graduate.
  • Break-Even: The age at which the college investment net income exceeds the median high school graduate's lifetime earnings.
  • NPV: Net Present Value of all future earnings minus costs and taxes, discounted at 7.8%.

Social Impact ROINew

Measures the societal return on a donor's investment. Calculated as the incremental pre-tax lifetime earnings vs. HS grad, divided by the tax-adjusted donation cost.

Donor Return178%

Gov. Pell Grant ROINew

Measures the government's return on Pell Grants via increased tax revenue. Calculated as the portion of incremental lifetime taxes (discounted at 5.4%) attributed to the Pell Grant investment.

Taxpayer Return-1%

Program ROI Analysis

These figures are medians for past graduates who received federal aid. Your cost and pay will differ. Run your own numbers in the Guided ROI Interview →

Bachelor's Degrees

Median Debt
$15,812
Earnings (4yr)
$84,668
Natl Median: $76,194
Lifetime Value Added
+$202k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$37,208
Natl Median: $45,044
Lifetime Value Added
-$169k
Anthropology
BachCIP: 4502
Median Debt
$17,750
Earnings (4yr)
$42,146
Natl Median: $46,676
Lifetime Value Added
-$139k
Applied Mathematics
BachCIP: 2703
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$68,058
Natl Median: $91,532
Lifetime Value Added
+$65k
Architecture
BachCIP: 0402
Median Debt
$27,500
Earnings (4yr)
$70,616
Natl Median: $66,914
Lifetime Value Added
+$95k
Median Debt
$17,500
Earnings (4yr)
$61,122
Natl Median: $65,466
Lifetime Value Added
+$20k
Biology, General
BachCIP: 2601
Median Debt
$15,385
Earnings (4yr)
$57,716
Natl Median: $57,214
Lifetime Value Added
-$8k
Median Debt
$17,050
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $93,451
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Biotechnology
BachCIP: 2612
Median Debt
$16,500
Earnings (4yr)
$78,750
Natl Median: $67,097
Lifetime Value Added
+$157k
Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (4yr)
$73,125
Natl Median: $68,257
Lifetime Value Added
+$114k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$64,374
Natl Median: $65,784
Lifetime Value Added
+$46k
Median Debt
$23,605
Earnings (4yr)
$110,184
Natl Median: $98,158
Lifetime Value Added
+$397k
Chemistry
BachCIP: 4005
Median Debt
$21,730
Earnings (4yr)
$68,504
Natl Median: $65,120
Lifetime Value Added
+$79k
Civil Engineering
BachCIP: 1408
Median Debt
$17,750
Earnings (4yr)
$89,653
Natl Median: $86,517
Lifetime Value Added
+$240k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$49,545
Natl Median: $56,359
Lifetime Value Added
-$76k
Median Debt
$15,211
Earnings (4yr)
$54,126
Natl Median: $58,928
Lifetime Value Added
-$37k
Median Debt
$18,000
Earnings (4yr)
$98,790
Natl Median: $92,374
Lifetime Value Added
+$310k
Median Debt
$16,690
Earnings (4yr)
$78,396
Natl Median: $83,742
Lifetime Value Added
+$155k
Median Debt
$23,138
Earnings (4yr)
$107,283
Natl Median: $109,015
Lifetime Value Added
+$375k
Median Debt
$19,705
Earnings (4yr)
$51,596
Natl Median: $58,894
Lifetime Value Added
-$59k
Median Debt
$21,375
Earnings (4yr)
$82,416
Natl Median: $78,929
Lifetime Value Added
+$185k
Construction Engineering Technology/Technician
BachCIP: 1510
Median Debt
$18,125
Earnings (4yr)
$97,201
Natl Median: $93,843
Lifetime Value Added
+$298k
Dance
BachCIP: 5003
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $39,980
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$64,612
Natl Median: $51,490
Lifetime Value Added
+$48k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$42,301
Natl Median: $39,775
Lifetime Value Added
-$138k
Economics
BachCIP: 4506
Median Debt
$18,065
Earnings (4yr)
$78,204
Natl Median: $82,686
Lifetime Value Added
+$153k
Median Debt
$20,250
Earnings (4yr)
$107,399
Natl Median: $100,647
Lifetime Value Added
+$376k
Electrical/Electronic Engineering Technologies/Technicians
BachCIP: 1503
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$87,022
Natl Median: $84,599
Lifetime Value Added
+$220k
Median Debt
$19,000
Earnings (4yr)
$49,884
Natl Median: $48,590
Lifetime Value Added
-$73k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$93,513
Natl Median: $61,027
Lifetime Value Added
+$256k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $57,461
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $51,710
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$18,750
Earnings (4yr)
$53,410
Natl Median: $64,926
Lifetime Value Added
-$43k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$27,204
Natl Median: $43,765
Lifetime Value Added
-$260k
Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (4yr)
$78,009
Natl Median: $83,343
Lifetime Value Added
+$152k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$45,446
Natl Median: $41,367
Lifetime Value Added
-$111k
Median Debt
$18,250
Earnings (4yr)
$49,724
Natl Median: $54,945
Lifetime Value Added
-$74k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$72,199
Natl Median: $75,399
Lifetime Value Added
+$107k
Median Debt
$16,625
Earnings (4yr)
$68,127
Natl Median: $60,190
Lifetime Value Added
+$76k
Median Debt
$17,500
Earnings (4yr)
$54,471
Natl Median: $61,296
Lifetime Value Added
-$35k
History
BachCIP: 5401
Median Debt
$16,744
Earnings (4yr)
$55,475
Natl Median: $50,680
Lifetime Value Added
-$26k
Median Debt
$17,000
Earnings (4yr)
$53,344
Natl Median: $56,726
Lifetime Value Added
-$44k
Median Debt
$19,250
Earnings (4yr)
$54,871
Natl Median: $48,568
Lifetime Value Added
-$31k
Median Debt
$18,750
Earnings (4yr)
$69,010
Natl Median: $68,069
Lifetime Value Added
+$83k
Median Debt
$16,250
Earnings (4yr)
$94,814
Natl Median: $98,442
Lifetime Value Added
+$280k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $60,369
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Journalism
BachCIP: 0904
Median Debt
$17,625
Earnings (4yr)
$53,195
Natl Median: $56,278
Lifetime Value Added
-$45k
Median Debt
$25,125
Earnings (4yr)
$58,450
Natl Median: $53,072
Lifetime Value Added
-$2k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $49,984
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$15,000
Earnings (4yr)
$91,983
Natl Median: $83,290
Lifetime Value Added
+$258k
Marketing
BachCIP: 5214
Median Debt
$15,500
Earnings (4yr)
$68,139
Natl Median: $69,303
Lifetime Value Added
+$76k
Mathematics
BachCIP: 2701
Median Debt
$16,750
Earnings (4yr)
$62,833
Natl Median: $69,562
Lifetime Value Added
+$34k
Median Debt
$20,818
Earnings (4yr)
$84,692
Natl Median: $82,073
Lifetime Value Added
+$203k
Median Debt
$19,687
Earnings (4yr)
$93,275
Natl Median: $92,135
Lifetime Value Added
+$268k
Median Debt
$15,500
Earnings (4yr)
$58,705
Natl Median: $55,693
Lifetime Value Added
+$378
Music
BachCIP: 5009
Median Debt
$22,600
Earnings (4yr)
$56,667
Natl Median: $42,892
Lifetime Value Added
-$16k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$73,559
Natl Median: $55,012
Lifetime Value Added
+$107k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$94,651
Natl Median: $104,823
Lifetime Value Added
+$279k
Philosophy
BachCIP: 3801
Median Debt
$19,570
Earnings (4yr)
$55,875
Natl Median: $54,455
Lifetime Value Added
-$23k
Physics
BachCIP: 4008
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$86,078
Natl Median: $76,786
Lifetime Value Added
+$213k
Median Debt
$17,000
Earnings (4yr)
$61,533
Natl Median: $63,293
Lifetime Value Added
+$23k
Psychology, General
BachCIP: 4201
Median Debt
$17,750
Earnings (4yr)
$52,892
Natl Median: $50,706
Lifetime Value Added
-$48k
Median Debt
$14,475
Earnings (4yr)
$60,180
Natl Median: $63,560
Lifetime Value Added
+$12k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$40,419
Natl Median: $50,497
Lifetime Value Added
-$154k
Median Debt
$16,436
Earnings (4yr)
$91,276
Natl Median: $88,910
Lifetime Value Added
+$253k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $41,390
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$39,645
Natl Median: $48,471
Lifetime Value Added
-$161k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$56,442
Natl Median: $55,000
Lifetime Value Added
-$18k
Sociology
BachCIP: 4511
Median Debt
$18,000
Earnings (4yr)
$45,530
Natl Median: $52,657
Lifetime Value Added
-$110k
Sports, Kinesiology, and Physical Education/Fitness
BachCIP: 3105
Median Debt
$18,500
Earnings (4yr)
$53,483
Natl Median: $54,562
Lifetime Value Added
-$43k

Master's Degrees

Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$101,406
Natl Median: $95,833
Lifetime Value Added
+$232k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $122,434
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$56,718
Earnings (4yr)
$62,993
Natl Median: $127,347
Lifetime Value Added
-$106k
Anthropology
MastCIP: 4502
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $61,276
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Applied Mathematics
MastCIP: 2703
Median Debt
$23,591
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $116,060
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Arts, Entertainment, and Media Management
MastCIP: 5010
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $59,685
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $86,482
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Biology, General
MastCIP: 2601
Median Debt
$20,500
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $69,830
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $106,375
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$41,000
Earnings (4yr)
$138,841
Natl Median: $103,485
Lifetime Value Added
+$557k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$125,334
Natl Median: $115,468
Lifetime Value Added
+$441k
Chemistry
MastCIP: 4005
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $82,937
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Civil Engineering
MastCIP: 1408
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $98,323
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $71,953
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$34,327
Earnings (4yr)
$69,451
Natl Median: $67,030
Lifetime Value Added
-$48k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $124,201
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$29,614
Earnings (4yr)
$138,873
Natl Median: $121,855
Lifetime Value Added
+$558k
Median Debt
$27,365
Earnings (4yr)
$64,349
Natl Median: $63,399
Lifetime Value Added
-$94k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $70,073
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$62,281
Natl Median: $49,978
Lifetime Value Added
-$113k
Economics
MastCIP: 4506
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$106,324
Natl Median: $100,743
Lifetime Value Added
+$275k
Median Debt
$32,083
Earnings (4yr)
$70,000
Natl Median: $71,685
Lifetime Value Added
-$43k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $133,654
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Engineering Technologies/Technicians, General
MastCIP: 1500
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $111,169
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $55,512
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $92,629
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$35,651
Earnings (2yr)
$57,318
Natl Median: $93,142
Lifetime Value Added
-$138k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$53,255
Natl Median: $49,079
Lifetime Value Added
-$198k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$110,277
Natl Median: $79,463
Lifetime Value Added
+$310k
History
MastCIP: 5401
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $55,360
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$24,500
Earnings (4yr)
$82,088
Natl Median: $74,856
Lifetime Value Added
+$63k
Median Debt
$30,750
Earnings (4yr)
$86,381
Natl Median: $83,558
Lifetime Value Added
+$101k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $119,184
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Law
MastCIP: 2201
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$89,257
Natl Median: $65,341
Lifetime Value Added
+$126k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$122,385
Natl Median: $101,000
Lifetime Value Added
+$415k
Median Debt
$35,683
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $124,807
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Marketing
MastCIP: 5214
Median Debt
$30,750
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $79,106
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $112,282
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Mathematics
MastCIP: 2701
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$54,644
Natl Median: $72,654
Lifetime Value Added
-$164k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$125,271
Natl Median: $115,974
Lifetime Value Added
+$440k
Music
MastCIP: 5009
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$47,426
Natl Median: $48,285
Lifetime Value Added
-$264k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$82,440
Natl Median: $147,771
Lifetime Value Added
+$96k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $129,214
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Philosophy
MastCIP: 3801
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $60,272
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $67,681
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $78,850
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $81,408
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$72,392
Natl Median: $93,020
Lifetime Value Added
-$22k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$48,432
Natl Median: $80,125
Lifetime Value Added
-$226k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $120,193
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$44,384
Natl Median: $55,035
Lifetime Value Added
-$267k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $60,728
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Social Work
MastCIP: 4407
Median Debt
$40,396
Earnings (4yr)
$68,032
Natl Median: $65,123
Lifetime Value Added
-$60k
Sociology
MastCIP: 4511
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $63,330
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $64,397
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Sports, Kinesiology, and Physical Education/Fitness
MastCIP: 3105
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
$54,449
Natl Median: $62,033
Lifetime Value Added
-$187k
Statistics
MastCIP: 2705
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $123,816
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$52,079
Earnings (4yr)
$70,528
Natl Median: $60,111
Lifetime Value Added
-$38k
Systems Engineering
MastCIP: 1427
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $144,565
Lifetime Value Added
N/A

Doctoral Degrees

Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $102,099
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $112,683
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Biology, General
DocCIP: 2601
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $92,983
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $131,848
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $141,187
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Chemistry
DocCIP: 4005
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $115,386
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Civil Engineering
DocCIP: 1408
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $110,980
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$42,644
Earnings (4yr)
$114,813
Natl Median: $99,878
Lifetime Value Added
+$163k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $154,538
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (5yr)
$74,440
Natl Median: $83,031
Lifetime Value Added
-$148k
Economics
DocCIP: 4506
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $135,560
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
$51,077
Earnings (4yr)
$105,601
Natl Median: $100,573
Lifetime Value Added
+$95k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $65,831
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $107,112
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $92,039
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
History
DocCIP: 5401
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$37,208
Natl Median: $70,550
Lifetime Value Added
-$423k
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $97,768
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $130,845
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Mathematics
DocCIP: 2701
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $89,656
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $131,070
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Music
DocCIP: 5009
Median Debt
-
Earnings (2yr)
$43,798
Natl Median: $59,592
Lifetime Value Added
-$365k
Physics
DocCIP: 4008
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $130,153
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $93,640
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $90,908
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $103,410
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $78,692
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $69,860
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Social Work
DocCIP: 4407
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $98,285
Lifetime Value Added
N/A
Sports, Kinesiology, and Physical Education/Fitness
DocCIP: 3105
Median Debt
-
Earnings (4yr)
-
Natl Median: $81,993
Lifetime Value Added
N/A

Professional Degrees

Law
ProfCIP: 2201
Median Debt
$88,521
Earnings (4yr)
$135,984
Natl Median: $107,773
Lifetime Value Added
+$319k
Optometry
ProfCIP: 5117
Median Debt
$163,834
Earnings (4yr)
$129,383
Natl Median: $131,525
Lifetime Value Added
+$271k
Median Debt
$131,687
Earnings (4yr)
$137,021
Natl Median: $138,348
Lifetime Value Added
+$326k

Note: Lifetime Value Added is the Net Present Value (NPV) of estimated career earnings relative to a median high school graduate (for undergraduate programs) or a median bachelor's degree holder (for graduate programs), accounting for this institution's average cost and taxes. Computed over a career to retirement age.

For graduate programs (Master's, Doctoral, etc.), the calculation assumes a starting age of 22 (after undergraduate completion) and does not include the sunk costs of prior degrees. It represents the value added of the graduate decision moving forward. Note that the institution's average undergraduate net price is used as a proxy for annual cost, which may differ from actual graduate tuition. These Lifetime Value Added results for graduate degrees should not be compared with those for Undergraduate Certificates, Associates or Bachelors.

Completers Only: Federal median earnings data strictly reflects outcomes for students who successfully graduated. Students who do not complete their degree typically earn significantly less and face higher risks of debt default.